不同介质水蒸气等离子弧特性  

Characteristics of different medium aqueous vapor plasmaarc

作　　者：胡绳荪[1] 孟英谦[1] 鲍家铭[1] 孙栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《焊接学报》2004年第2期5-8,27,共5页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：教育部骨干教师基金资助项目

摘　　要：采用光谱方法对水蒸气等离子弧的组成和温度进行了诊断,诊断结果表明,水蒸气等离子弧主要由氢原子、氢离子、氧原子、氧离子和自由电子组成;水蒸气等离子弧具有高温高焓特性,并具有强氧化性。通过光谱法对水、水+乙醇及水+丙酮等不同介质的水蒸气等离子弧温度进行了测量,结果表明,纯水介质的水蒸气等离子弧温度最高,水+乙醇介质电弧温度最低;随着乙醇或丙酮浓度的增加,电弧温度下降。对不同介质的水蒸气等离子弧的切割和焊接性能进行了试验研究,试验结果表明,浓度为20%～30%的乙醇或丙酮水蒸气等离子弧具有较好的切割性能;但是水蒸气等离子弧的焊接性能还不能令人满意。The composition and temperature of aqueous vapor plasma arc are studied by means of the spectrum diagnosis. The diagnostic results show that the aqueous vapor plasma arc consists of hydrogen atoms, hydrogen ions, oxygen atoms, oxygen ions and free electrons mainly, the arc has high temperature, enthalpy and strong oxidation characteristics. The different medium aqueous vapor plasma arc temperatures are measured by spectrum. The different mediums are water, aqueous alcohol and aqueous acetone. The measure results show that water medium arc temperature is the highest, but the aqueous alcohol medium arc temperature is the lowest. And the arc temperature drops down with the consistency of aqueous alcohol or aqueous acetone increases. The cutting and welding characteristics of different medium aqueous vapor plasma arc are studied by experiments. The experiment results show that the aqueous alcohol or aqueous acetone, which the consistency of aqueous alcohol or aqueous acetone is 20-30%, has better cutting characteristic. But the welding property of the aqueous vapor plasma arc is not satisfactory.

关 键 词：水蒸气 等离子弧 电弧特性 焊接 切割 

分 类 号：TG456.2[金属学及工艺—焊接] TG483