引入考虑凝结作用的连续性方程与积云对流参数化方案修正  

Continuity Equation Considering Condensation Effect and Modification of Cumulus Convection Parameterization Scheme

作　　者：辜旭赞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所,武汉430074

出　　处：《气象科技》2004年第1期19-24,33,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技攻关项目"中国气象数值预报系统技术创新研究"资助

摘　　要：文章研究了在热带海洋面上的水蒸发 ,发现水蒸发进入大气层将改变地面气压场 ,且蒸发潜热分为内潜热(水汽内能 )和外潜热 (水汽压力能 ) ,蒸发内潜热立即成为大气热能的一部分 ,而蒸发外潜热直接对大气层作功 ,使得大气位能增加 ;研究了大气中的大尺度凝结降水和积云对流凝结降水对于环境气压场与位势高度场的直接影响。用郭晓岚积云对流参数化方案 (已考虑凝结内潜热对大气的加热作用 ) ,加入了考虑因大尺度凝结降水和积云对流参数化凝结降水造成地面气压场及高空位势高度场的变化 ,后者应是凝结外潜热过程作用的结果。在上述研究过程中 ,必须引入考虑凝结作用的连续性方程 。The evaporation on the ocean surface in tropical regions is discussed and it is found out that the vapor into the air through evaporation will change the surface pressure field, and that evaporation latent heat is composed of internal latent heat (vapor internal energy) and external latent heat (vapor pressure energy). The former becomes the atmosphere's heat energy directly and the latter applies work to the atmosphere immediately, which enhance the potential energy. The direct effects of large-scale condensation precipitation and cumulus convection condensation precipitation on the ambient pressure field and the geopotential height field are studied. Based on Kuo's method of cumulus convection parameterization, which embodied the effect of condensation internal latent heat on heat the atmosphere, it is suggested that the other effect should be added to reflect the variation of the surface pressure field as well as the upper geopotential height field resulted from the large-scale condensation precipitation and cumulus convection condensation precipitation. The continuity equation considering condensation is introduced so as being able to change the dynamical frame of the numerical forecast model with taking into account of condensation-precipitation in cumulus convection.

关 键 词：连续性方程 大气水循环 凝结作用 积云对流参数化 内潜热 外潜热 位势高度场 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]