缺水地区农业灌溉用水替代与农业发展——以京津唐地区为例  

Irrigation Alternatives and Agriculture Development in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Regions

作　　者：姚治君[1] 高迎春[1] 苏人琼[1] 管彦平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《资源科学》2004年第2期54-61,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所知识创新项目(编号:CXIOG A00 07 02 CXIOG E01 08 03 02)。

摘　　要：论述了基于经济可持续发展条件下实现资源替代的理论内涵,利用河北平原灌溉试验资料及京津唐地区1980年～2000年的农业系统资料,分析了该地区农业用水条件及变化,系统阐述了:　①实施控制灌溉技术,利用土壤水替代灌溉水;　②实施农业高产栽培技术与节水灌溉技术结合,替代短缺的灌溉用水;　③通过农业产业和种植业结构调整,实现资源替代等的理论可能性与实际效果。结果表明,京津唐地区农业用水在零增长的条件下,实现了农业向可持续发展的走势。The theoretical connotation of resources substitution based on sustainable economic development was stated. The condition and change of agricultural water consumption were analyzed using related agricultural statistic data in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan regions. The followings were set forth: 1) substituting irrigation water with soil water by irrigation control technologies; 2) substituting irrigation water deficit through integrating agricultural high-yield planting technologies and water-saving irrigating technologies; 3) probability in theory and actual effect of resources substitution were achieved by adjusting agricultural and planting structures. The result shows that irrigation water substitution was achieved basically in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region, and agricultural water consumption was not only increased, but also decreased by adjusting agriculture structure and using advanced irrigation technologies in last twenty years. The amount of agriculture water consumption decreased from 9.71 billion cubic meter in 1980 to 6.87 billion cubic meter in 2000. The increase rate is 29.24%, and the amount of agriculture water consumption is between 7.0 and 7.5 billion cubic meter. The value added of agriculture increased from 3.06 billion RMB to 43.94 billion RMB, and increased 14.34 times. The consequence of investment for agriculture produce factors instead of investment for water resources are agriculture water consumption reduction and value added of agriculture addition. Agricultural water consumption is going to zero-increasing. And agricultural development is going to water-saving, high-effective and sustainable orientation.

关 键 词：土壤水 农业灌溉用水 可持续发展 种植业 资源替代理论 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] S-0[农业科学—农业工程]