土壤质地、密度及供水方式对点源入渗特性的影响  

The influence of soil texture bulk density and water applied methods on point source infiltration

作　　者：张振华[1] 杨润亚[1] 蔡焕杰[2] 李庆志[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台师范学院地理与资源管理学院,山东烟台264025 [2]西北农林科技大学教育部旱区农业水土工程重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业系统科学与综合研究》2004年第2期81-84,共4页System Sciemces and Comprehensive Studies In Agriculture

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2001AA242051);教育部优秀青年教师资助计划项目(200139)

摘　　要：土壤质地、滴头流量、土壤密度以及供水方式等因素对于点源入渗有着一定的影响。实验研究表明,随着土壤密度和滴头流量的增加,点源入渗水平向湿润锋的分布距离加大,垂向入渗距离相应减小,土壤湿润体的形状趋向于扁平状。随着土壤质地变轻、点源入渗的垂向入渗速率依次增强,导致点源入渗水分水平方向的入渗能力降低。在灌水定额相同的条件下,采用大滴头流量(4L/h)间歇滴灌同采用小滴头流量(2L/h)连续滴灌相比较,间歇滴灌在增加水平湿润距离的前提下垂向入渗距离减小15%。图9,表1,参8。Soil texture, bulk density and water applied methods are critical factors influenced point source infiltration. With the increment of soil bulk density and water discharge rate, the movement of horizontal wetting front increased and the vertical movement decreased. It was found that with the decrement of soil texture, the vertical infiltration rate increased and the vertical infiltration rate decreased. When adding identical amounts of water, but using continue water applied(4L/h) and intermission water applied methods(2L/h), the vertical wetting front of intermission water applied method decreased 15% and the horizontal wetting front increased contrasting to continue water applied method.

关 键 词：点源入渗 土壤湿润体 土壤质地 土壤密度 供水方式 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]