粗厚山羊草细胞质对普通小麦耐盐性的遗传效应  

Genetic Effects of Aegilops crassa 6x Cytoplasm on Salt Tolerance of Common Wheat

作　　者：侯宁[1] 刘春光[1] 刘根齐[1] 吴郁文[1] 张翠兰[1] 张炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2004年第2期5-10,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30170574;30370880);863项目(2001AA241041);中国科学院项目(KSCX2-SW-304)。

摘　　要：以具有粗厚山羊草(Aegilopscrassa6x)细胞质的异源细胞质小麦为材料,采用加盐培养基进行幼穗愈伤组织诱导(生长)、盐溶液种子发芽、盐溶液幼苗培养和成株模拟盐池生长等方法研究了粗厚山羊草细胞质对小麦耐盐性的遗传效应,旨在为小麦耐盐育种提供理论依据和种质资源材料。结果表明:粗厚山羊草细胞质对小麦的耐盐性具有明显的遗传效应,其效应值的性质、大小与核亲本品种的基因型有关,在特定的核质组合中粗厚山羊草细胞质可明显提高小麦的耐盐性。异质系Ae.crassa6x-鉴26和Ae.crassa6x-SMH1694在幼穗愈伤组织诱导、种子发芽阶段和三叶期的耐盐性比相应核亲本明显增强。返青期和成熟期的鉴定结果表明,一些经核基因型改良的粗厚山羊草细胞质小麦的耐盐性超过或接近抗盐对照品种科遗26。进一步研究粗厚山羊草细胞质提高小麦耐盐性的遗传机制,必将拓宽小麦耐盐育种途径。The genetic effects of Ae.crassa 6x cytoplasm on salt tolerance in alloplasmic (common) wheats were studied by means of callus inducing and growth in salt culture-medium, seed germination in salt solution, seedling development in salt Hoagland-solution and plant development in artificial saline pond in this paper. The results showed that Ae.crassa 6x cytoplasm were able to produce significant genetic effects on salt tolerance of (common) wheats, the character and range of effect value were related to the nuclear genotype of alloplasmic (common) wheat, the salt tolerance of alloplasmic (common) wheat could be significantly increased in specific (NC-combination). The salt-tolerant results from experiments of callus inducing and development in salt culture-medium, seed germination in salt solution and seedling development in salt Hoagland-solution indicated that alloplasmic lines Ae.crassa 6x-Jian 26 and Ae.crassa 6x-SMH1694 were more salt-tolerant than their nuclear parents. The results at recovering stage and mature stage demonstrated that some alloplasmic (common) wheats with improved nuclear genotypes were more salt-tolerant than or equal to salt-tolerant control variety Keyi 26. Further probing the genetic effects of Ae crassa 6x cytoplasm on salt tolerance of (common) wheats would help (expounding) the genetic mechanism of salt tolerance in alloplasmic (common) wheats and broaden the way of (salt-tolerant) breeding in (common) wheat.

关 键 词：粗厚山羊草 细胞质 普通小麦 耐盐性 遗传效应 基因型 加盐培养基 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]