禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)毒素对小麦幼胚愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响  

Effect of the Fusarium graminearum Toxin on the Characteristics of Induction and Differentiation of Immature Embryo Callus in Wheat

作　　者：高宁[1] 陈耀锋[1] 李春莲[1] 郭月霞[1] 张晓红[1] 任惠莉[1] 郭东伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2004年第2期114-117,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家863小麦育种项目(2001AA241037);陕西省分子生物学重点实验室项目(2002-7)。

摘　　要：为了给普通小麦抗赤霉细胞工程育种中抗毒素细胞系选择技术体系的建立和方法的选择提供理论依据,研究了离体培养条件下禾谷镰刀菌毒素胁迫对小麦幼胚愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响。结果表明,禾谷镰刀菌毒素对小麦幼胚胚性愈伤组织的诱导具有低浓度促进和高浓度抑制、毒害作用,这种毒害作用降低了胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织质量,显著影响胚性愈伤组织再生频率。同时禾谷镰刀菌毒素胁迫降低了幼胚愈伤组织产量,并随胁迫浓度的升高,愈伤组织产量迅速下降。禾谷镰刀菌毒素对小麦幼胚培养特性的影响,表现出基因型间的差异,对感病基因型的毒害作用远大于抗病品种。Effect of the Fusarium Graminearum toxin on the characteristics of induction and (differentiation) of wheat (immature) embryo callus was studied by using the induction medium contaning Fusarium Graminearum toxin stress. The results showed that the toxin promoted embryonic callus formation of wheat (immature) embryo in the low (concentration) and inhibited its formation in the high (concentration). The toxin lowered the frequency of induction and (differentiation) of embryonic callus significantly. The toxin lowered production of wheat (immature) embryo callus and the callus yield decreased rapidly with increasing (concentration) of the crude toxins in the induction medium. Effect of Fusarium graminearum toxin on culture property of (immature) embryo was (different) in the three genotypes of wheat. Scab susceptible cultivars was more susceptible to Fusarium (graminearum) toxin than Scab resistance cultivars.

关 键 词：禾谷镰刀菌毒素 小麦 幼胚 愈伤组织 诱导 分化 赤霉病 禾谷镰刀菌 抗病育种 

分 类 号：S435.121.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S512.1[农业科学—植物保护]