低温对杂交水稻及其亲本剑叶77K荧光的影响  

Effect of Low Temperature of Chlorophyll Fluorescence at 77K of Flag Leaves in Hybrid Rice F_1 and Its Parents

作　　者：李平[1] 王以柔[1] 陈贻竹[1] 刘鸿先[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物研究所,广州510650

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》1992年第2期57-62,共6页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：以大田栽培的三套杂交水稻组合汕优63,青优早和秀优57为材料,研究了低温(5℃)与光照(210 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)PFD)对杂交水稻F_1及其亲本剑叶77K荧光的影响。结果表明:低温引起77K荧光参数Fo,Fm,Fv下降,可变荧光Fv的变化能反映三套杂交水稻组合间的抗冷性的差异。F_1的抗冷性居父母本之间。同时发现,在低光照下低温处理引起Fo,Fm,Fv上升,但未改变Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo的比值。证明在低温下,低于水稻生长光强210 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)PFD的光照对PSⅡ的最初光能转化效率和光能传递速率影响不大,即对光合作用的光化学过程未产生光抑制现象。由此可见,取样于田间强光照下的水稻剑叶,在5℃和210 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)PFD处理下,210 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)PFD可能有利于水稻对低温的适应,从而减轻叶片的光化学过程的伤害程度。Using three hybrid rice combinations Shanyou 63, Qingyouzao and Xiuyou 57 grown in field (natural condition) as material, effect of chilling (5℃) and light (210 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)PFD) on chlorophyll fluorescence at 77K of flag leaves in hybrid rice F_1 and its parents were investigated. Results showed that the parameters of fluorescence, Fo, Fm and Fv were decreased by chilling treatment. The cold tolerance among three hybrid rice combinations could be reflected from variable fluorescence. The cold tolerance of F_1 hybrid rice was between that of male sterile line and restorer line. During chilling under low light Fo, Fm and Fv increased but Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo did not change. It was demonstrated that the chilling treatment with the lower light intensity had no significant effects on the efficiency of the primary con- version of the light energy of PSⅡ and the transport rate of the light energy of PSⅡ as compared with that of under growing condition. So, the photoinhibition was not occurred in the photochemical reaction of photosynthesis. Based on this result, the flag leaves taken from the field under strong light intensity, un- der 5℃ and 210μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)PFD treatment, light 210 μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)PFD might facilitate the adaptation of rice to chilling so that the degree of injury of photochemical process in leaves was reduced.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 剑叶 低温 光照 77K荧光 

分 类 号：S511.101[农业科学—作物学]