晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区坡面土壤侵蚀及预报研究——第二部分 细沟侵蚀  

Study on Soil Erosion of Sloping Land in Hillied-Gullied Loess Region in West Shanxi and Its Forecasting

作　　者：王贵平 曾伯庆 蔡强国[2] 陆兆熊(S.Luk)[3] 

机构地区：[1]山西省水土保持科学研究所,山西离石县033000 [2]中国科学院地理研究所 [3]加拿大多伦多大学地理系

出　　处：《中国水土保持》1992年第11期22-24,共3页Soil and Water Conservation in China

摘　　要：细沟是指坡面受径流冲刷作用而形成的小沟槽。试验表明,当表土抗剪强度为5kPa时,若平均水流动力达到或超过2.5N/m^2,则细沟就会产生。在有细沟侵蚀发生的情况下,细沟间的来沙量由于所占比例较小,可假定为一个常量,其值为2.5ks/m^2,因此细沟水流的泥沙分离量为实测土壤流失量与细沟间侵蚀量的差值。本项研究以晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀试验为基础,提出了细沟侵蚀参数分布预报模型,它与径流预报模型、细沟间侵蚀预报模型结合,形成了一个较为完整的一次降雨坡面土壤侵蚀总量预报模型。此模型与地理信息系统结合,将会成为水土保持规划与效益评价的有用工具。Rills are referred as small trenches which are formed when the slope - surface is scoured by surface runoff. Tests show that rills will form when shear strength of surface soil is 5kpa and the average tractive force is up to or over 2. 5N/m2. When rill erosion takes place, the proportion of sediment yield in between the rills is small and maybe assumed as a constant value of 2. 5kg/m2. According to this, the amount of sed-iment detached by rills is the difference between the measured amount of soil loss and that of soil erosion in between thin rills. Based on the experiment of soil erosion in the gullied - hillied loess region in west Shanxi, this study puts forward a forecast model of the parameters distribution of rill erosion. Combining this model with runoff forecast model and erosion forecast model for interrills a more integrated forecast model of the total amount of soil erosion on sloping land during a rainfall event can be formulated.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 预报 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]