不同养分和水分管理模式对水稻抗倒伏能力的影响  

Effects of nutrient and water regimes on lodging resistance of rice.

作　　者：杨长明[1] 杨林章[2] 颜廷梅[2] 欧阳竹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2004年第4期646-650,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19990 1180 2 );中国科学院创新工程方向性资助项目 (KZCX2 413 )

摘　　要：大田试验下 ,通过对水稻茎秆基部物理性状、形态特征和硅、钾含量的测定和比较 ,系统研究了不同养分和水分管理模式对水稻茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响 .结果表明 ,有机无机肥配施 ,特别是秸秆与化肥配施 (CS)养分模式可明显提高水稻植株茎秆粗度、茎壁厚度和茎重 ,从而有效提高了基部茎秆的抗折力(RS)和明显降低了水稻的倒伏指数 (LI) ,秸秆与化肥配施 (CS)养分模式对水稻抗倒伏能力的效果在干湿交替 (AWD)和控水模式 (DRA)下表现更为明显 .有机无机肥配施 ,特别是秸秆与化肥配施 (CS)的养分模式在干湿交替 (AWD)和控水模式 (DRA)下更有助于提高水稻茎秆的硅、钾含量 .相关分析表明 ,水稻基部茎秆茎壁厚度、茎重和抗折力与茎秆硅、钾含量存在显著 (P <0 .0 5 )或极显著正相关 (P <0 .0 1) .A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nutrient and water regimes on lodging resistance of rice plant by measuring and comparing the morphological and physical traits and the K 2O and SiO 2 contents of rice basal stems.The results indicated that a combined application of chemical fertilizers and organic materials,especially and rice straw (CS),could markedly increase the diameter,wall thickness and weight of basal stems,but reduce plant height,which resulted in the effective increase of snapping resistance (RS) and marked decrease of lodging index (LI).The effectiveness of the combined application of chemical fertilizers and rice straw (CS) on the increase of lodging resistance of rice plant was greater in alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and controlled irrigation (DRA),compared to continuous waterlogging (CWL).In addition,the combined application of chemical fertilizers and organic sources,especially with rice straw (CS),greatly increased the K 2O and SiO 2 contents in rice basal stems,especially in alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and controlled irrigation (DRA).Correlation analysis showed that the wall thickness,weight and snapping resistance of basal stems were significantly positively correlated to the K 2O and SiO 2 contents in rice basal stems (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and controlled irrigation (DRA).

关 键 词：水稻 抗倒伏 养分和水分模式 硅和钾含量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]