职业紧张对化工工人工作能力的影响  

Occupational stress effects on work ability in chemistry workers

作　　者：杨惠芳[1] 王绵珍[1] 王治明[1] 兰亚佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室,成都610041

出　　处：《卫生研究》2004年第2期130-133,共4页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (No .39970 6 2 3)

摘　　要：目的　为了解化工工人的职业紧张水平及工作能力状况 ,探讨影响工作能力的相关性因素。方法　应用工作能力指数问卷 (WAI)和职业紧张问卷 (OSQ) ,对某市化工行业10 30名工人 (研究组 4 81名 ,对照组 5 49名 )进行调查和工作能力降低的危险度评价。结果　研究组的WAI和OSQ评分与对照组均有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。两组的工作能力与职业紧张均存在显著的负相关关系 (P <0 0 1) ,研究组的相关程度明显高于对照组 ,且工作能力随着紧张程度的增高而降低。研究组工人随年龄的增长工作能力逐渐降低。以工作能力降低为结局变量 ,经多元logistic回归分析显示 ,在研究组中引起工作能力降低的主要紧张危险因素是肌肉骨骼疼痛 (OR =2 884 )、健康状况估计 (OR =2 6 5 1)、疾病的影响 (OR =2 4 98)、情绪情况 (OR =2 4 0 7)、缺乏体育锻炼 (OR =1 95 6 )、体力负荷 (OR =1 2 5 4)等 ,这些紧张因子都与工作能力降低有密切关系。结论　化工工人的职业紧张水平及不同紧张因素对工作能力降低有一定的影响 ,为工人的健康监测和提高工作能力水平提供了有益的帮助。Objective Investigateing the status of work ability and occupational stress in 1030 chemistry workers at levels of chemical materials and explore their relationship and influence factors (481 workers of study group, 549 workers of control group).Methods \ Work ability and occupational stress were measured with the work ability index (WAI) and occupational stress questionnaire (OSQ). The risk factors of work ability decline were evaluated. Results\ WAI and OSQ scores scores are significantly different between study group and control group ( P <0 01), and work ability correlated inversely with occupational stress ( P <0 01). The WAI scores are reducing with a higher of the OSQ. The work ability of chemistry workers became lower with the increasing of age. Variables that influence work ability included the factors of disorder of musculoskeletal function ( OR =2 884), assessment of the current health ( OR =2 651), the diseases ( OR =2 498), emotion status ( OR =2 407), physical load ( OR =1 254) and lack of exercise ( OR =1 956). Conclusion\ The stress levels and stress factors had affected work ability in chemistry workers, and it was suggested that the findings could be helpful for the measures protecting and promoting of work ability on the health of workers.

关 键 词：工作能力 职业紧张 危险因子 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]