氧化羰化法合成碳酸甲乙酯热力学及催化性能的研究  

STUDY ON THE THERMODYNAMIC AND CATALYTIC REACTION OF METHYL ETHYL CARBONATE SYNTHYSIS BY OXIDATIVE CARBONYLATION

作　　者：黄荣生[1] 莫婉玲[1] 李光兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学化学系,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《燃料化学学报》2004年第2期129-134,共6页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

摘　　要：研究了在甲醇、乙醇温和溶液中,氧化羰化一步合成不对称碳酸甲乙酯(MEC)反应。通过热力学计算考察了反应的可行性及程度。计算结果表明,在298.2K下主反应平衡常数为2.39×1080,说明此反应的可行性和程度均很大。实验发现在氧化羰化合成碳酸甲乙酯的过程中,不仅存在氧化羰化过程,同时也存在酯交换过程;含氮席夫碱(Schiff)的种类,甲醇和乙醇相对用量,反应温度和压力对碳酸甲乙酯(MEC)的合成均有影响。当以氯化亚铜(CuCl) 1,10 菲罗啉(phen) N 甲基咪唑(NMI)为催化剂时,摩尔比n(CuCl)∶n(NMI)∶n(phen)=1∶1.25∶1.25,在393K,2.4MPa,VMeOH∶VEtOH=2∶8,CuCl浓度为0.20mol L的条件下,反应2h,甲醇的转化率为44.3%,乙醇的转化率为22.3%,MEC产率为10.4%。与单纯CuCl催化剂相比,甲醇和乙醇的转化率分别提高17倍和9倍,MEC产率提高74倍。对氧化羰化反应机理也进行了探讨。The oxidative carbonylation of methanol and ethanol to asymmetric methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC)catalyzed by CuCl coordinated with Schiff base ligands has been studied. A thermodynamic analysis of this process was carried out to discuss the possibility. The equilibrium constant of the main reaction at 298.2?K is 2.39×10^(80), so the possibility of this reaction is high. The effects of volume ratio of methanol to ethanol, molar ratio of 1,10-phenanthroline(phen)to N-methylimidazole(NMI), temperature, pressure on the conversion of methanol, ethanol and the yield of methyl ethyl carbonate have been investigated. CuCl/phen/NMI catalytic system was found to be active in the ox- idative carbonylation of methanol and ethanol to asymmetric methyl ethyl carbonate. When the reaction was carried out for 2?h at 393?K and 2.4?MPa (CO+O_2) in the MeOH/EtOH system, with CuCl 0.20?molL^(-1), n(CuCl)∶n(phen)∶n(NMI) =1∶1.25∶1.25, and the ratio of v_(MeOH)/v_(EtOH) =2∶8, the conversion of methanol and ethanol are 44.3% and 22.3%, 17 and 9 times higher than that of CuCl system. The yield of MEC was 10.4%, which is increased about 74 times. The mechanism of synthesis of asymmetric carbonate was also discussed in detail.

关 键 词：碳酸甲乙酯 氧化羰化 CuCl络合催化剂 

分 类 号：O623.662[理学—有机化学]