蝶枕软骨结合高分辨率CT的研究  

HRCT Study of the Sphenooccipital Synchondrosis

作　　者：王战刚[1] 董季平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安市中心医院西安市医学影像中心,陕西西安710003

出　　处：《实用放射学杂志》2004年第1期14-17,71,共5页Journal of Practical Radiology

摘　　要：目的　评估蝶枕软骨结合发育的高分辨率CT扫描所见。方法　分析年龄 3月～ 74岁的 2 69例蝶枕软骨结合高分辨率CT扫描所见 ,观察蝶枕软骨结合形态 ,骨化中心出现的时间、位置 ,蝶枕融合及其残迹和蝶窦的发育。结果　蝶枕软骨结合分未闭、部分闭合、完全闭合三类。 83例未闭的蝶枕软骨结合形状多样 ,5 7例可见切迹。软骨结合宽度的均数为 1.8mm ,与年龄呈负相关 (r =-0 .92 ,P <0 .0 0 1)。骨化中心出现的年龄 9～ 16岁 ,可分别位于软骨结合的上、中、下部或全长的中线处 ,其长度的均数为4.73mm ,密度类似骨皮质。部分闭合见于 11～ 16岁 ,完全闭合最早见于 14岁 ,17岁后完全闭合。蝶枕软骨结合骨化中心出现及其闭合年龄 ,女性较男性早 1～ 2岁。蝶窦最早见于 1岁。蝶枕软骨结合完全闭合的 186例中 ,可见不规则白线残迹的 91例 ,其中 13例蝶窦超越部分白线累及枕骨 ;蝶窦局限于蝶骨内的 96例 ,气化良好累及枕骨的 90例。结论　高分辨率CT能清晰显示蝶枕软骨结合的骨化过程 。Objective To evaluate the development of the sphenooccipital synchondrosis on high resolution CT scans.Methods 269 cases,HRCT findings of the sphenoocipital synchondrosis ranged in age from 3 months to 74 years old were analysed.Four points were assessed on HRCT scans (a) The pattern of the synchondrosis, (b) The location and time of appearance of the ossification center in the synchondrosis, (c) The vestige of the synchondrosis after fusion of the sphenoid and occipital bones and (d) The development of sphenoid sinus.Results The pattern of the sphenooccipital synchondrosis could be classified into three types, including complete opening, partial and complete closure. The spheno-occipital synchondrosis was variable in shapes in opening group,a notch existed in 57 cases, the mean of the thickness of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis was 1.8 mm, there was negative correlation between the thickness of the synchondrosis and the age (r= -0.92,P<0.001). The ossification center appeared midline in the synchondrosis from 9 to 16 years old,they were found in the upper half, middle portion, lower half or almost entire length of the synchondrosis respectively. The mean of the length of ossification center was 4.73 mm. The density of ossification center was as dense as the cortical bone. A partially closed synchondrosis was observed from 11 to 16 years old, and the earliest complete closure was observed at the age of 14. However, complete obliteration occurred in all cases after 17 years old. The appearance of the ossification center and the closure of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis were one or two years earlier in the females than in the males. The earliest sphenoid sinus was observed at one year old. In 186 completely closed cases , a vestige of the synchondrosis was observed as an irregular white line in 91 cases. In 13 cases of them, some part of the sphenoid sinus extended into the occipital bone beyond the vestige. The sphenoid sinuses were limited in the sphenoid bone in 96 cases. The well-developed sphenoi

关 键 词：蝶枕软骨 高分辨率CT CT扫描 X线计算机 骨化中心 体层摄影 

分 类 号：R323.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R814.42[医药卫生—基础医学]