腹膜孔与腹水转归机理的研究  

Study on the Peritoneal Stomata and Absorptive Mechanism of Ascites

作　　者：李继承[1] 石元和 陈肖波[2] 俞寿民 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院浙江分院 [2]浙江省人民医院

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》1992年第5期328-333,共6页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

基　　金：浙江省分析测试基金

摘　　要：应用扫描电镜、透射电镜和ODO冷冻断裂技术,对16例人体样本的腹膜孔进行研究;并为证实腹膜孔作为腹水吸收的主要通路,作了动物实验。结果表明:人体腹膜孔位于膈腹膜立方形间皮细胞之间,由相邻细胞的胞质突起围成。构成腹膜孔的立方形间皮细胞和腹膜孔无基底膜。在立方形间皮细胞的胞质内有成束的微丝。在腹膜下小管内,有由间皮细胞的胞质突起和结缔组织形成的纤维网格,并构成腹膜孔的底和淋巴陷窝的顶。在动物实验中,腹水小鼠的腹膜孔数量增多。口径变大;注入小鼠腹膜腔内的红细胞和碳颗粒被腹膜孔所吸收。本实验结果提示,立方形间皮细胞胞质内的微丝、腹膜下小管内的间皮细胞胞质突起和纤维网格,对腹膜孔的吸收起调节作用,腹膜孔是腹水转归的主要通道。The peritoneal stomata in sixteen human specimens were studied by SEM, TEM and ODO freeze fracture techniques. In order to prove that the peritoneal stomata are the passage ways by which ascites is absorbed from the peritoneal cavity, animal experiments were performed. The results showed that the peritoneal stomata,which were only found between the cuboidal cells, were formed by the cytoplasmic processes of nearby cells. There were no basement membranes in the peritoneal stomata or the cuboidal cells which formed the peritoneal stomata.Microfilaments were observed in the cuboidal cells.Cytoplasmic processes of mesothelial cells and networks of connective tissue were found in the peritoneal channels. These had networks which formed the floor of each stomata and the roof of each lacunae.We observed that numbers and diameters of the peritoneal stomata were increased in mice with ascites.Red cells and carbonic particles injected into the peritoneal cavity were absorbed by the peritoneal stomata.So the microfila-ments of the cuboidal cells, the cytoplasmic processes, and the fiber networks in the peritoneal channels can adjust the absorptive properties of the peritoneal stomata. The peritoneal stomata are an important pathway for draining ascites from the peritoneal cavity.

关 键 词：腹膜孔 腹水 间皮细胞 电子显微镜 

分 类 号：R442.5[医药卫生—诊断学]