汉语单音节外来词初探  

An Initial Study of Monosyllabic Chinese Loanwords

作　　者：周日安[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山大学中文系,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《汉语学习》2004年第2期36-40,共5页Chinese Language Learning

摘　　要：汉语借词中,单音节外来词只占一小部分。但它们音节短,语法功能强,出现频率高。本文以酷(cool)、嗨(high)、秀(show)、的(taxi)、吧(bar)、站(jam)和波(ball)等词为例,就其类型、功能与汉化等方面分析单音节外来词的特点。文章提出,单音化是汉语同化外来词的一条途径,为纠正将外来词与语素混为一谈的偏颇,本文建议在汉语里建立"外来语素"概念。Monosyllabic loanwords constitute only a small proportion of the Chinese loanwords. However, such words have a variety of grammatical functions and a high frequency of use. With regard to classification, function and Chinesization, this essay analyzes the characteristics of monosyllabic Chinese loanwords, taking such words as ku(cool), hai(high), xiu(show), di(taxi), ba(bar), zhan(jam)and bo(ball)for example. Forming monosyllabic words from multisyllabic words is a means of Chinese assimilating loanwords. To rectify the tendency of confusing loanwords with morphemes, the paper suggests the concept of 'loan-morpheme' be established.

关 键 词：单音节外来词 类型 功能 汉化 

分 类 号：H035[语言文字—语言学]