浇注过程中制备铸造钢基表面自蔓延高温合成TiC/Fe复合材料的研究  

Technology of Preparing TiC/Fe Surface Composite of Steel Castings by SHS in Process of Pouring

作　　者：纪朝辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空学院理学院,天津300300

出　　处：《稀有金属》2004年第1期9-12,共4页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：黑龙江省普通高校骨干教师创新能力资助基金 ( 2 0 0 10 3 )

摘　　要：通过在消失模铸件模样需耐磨的部位涂敷一层经压实的SHS粉料 ,使其在浇注过程中 ,高温浇注的铁水自动点燃SHS粉料 ,通过反应生成增强陶瓷相 (TiC)。并使铁水铸渗到反应后的SHS陶瓷层中 ,使陶瓷增强相均匀地分散到熔融的表层金属中 ,从而获得铸件表面自生复合材料层。经试验研究表明 ,浇注过程中制备铸造钢基表面自蔓延高温合成TiC/Fe复合材料方法是完全可行的 ,反应合成的TiC颗粒呈理想孤立球状分布在基体上 ,复合层厚度可控制在 3～ 15mm ;其硬度可达HRC5 4～ 5 9;与基体的相对耐磨性可达 6以上 ;经 90 0℃高温退火后 ,产生大量细小的二次TiC颗粒。其较优工艺条件为 :钢液浇注温度 15 5 0～ 160 0℃ ;SHS粉料预制块组成配比 (质量分数 )为Ti∶C∶Al∶Fe =4∶1∶1∶2 ;真空度为 0 .0 5MPa。By coating pressed SHS powder on the wear resistant surface part of evaporative pattern, the SHS powder can be lit up automatically by pouring high temperature molten iron and can make reinforce phase of ceramics(TiC), at the same time the molten iron penetrates into layer of ceramics, which can make the TiC spread thronghout molten iron surface evenly, so the autogeny composite layer of casting can be obtained. The results indicate that the technology of preparing composite of TiC/Fe by SHS in the process of pouring is practicable entirely. The TiC grains prepared by reacting are islanded on the matrix ideally, the thickness of composite layer can be controlled between 3～15 mm and the hardness can reach HRC54～59, and the relative wear resistance can exceed 6. Heat treatment can produce many fine secondary TiC grains. The optimum technological parameters are the pouring temperature of cast steel is 1550～1600 ℃; the proportion(mass fraction) of SHS mixture powders is Ti∶C∶Al∶Fe=4∶1∶1∶2; and vacuum is 0.05 MPa.

关 键 词：TIC/FE复合材料 铸钢 高温自蔓延合成 干砂消失模铸造 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]