牦牛育种中近交的利用及效果初探  

作　　者：陆仲璘 王敏强 

出　　处：《中国牦牛》1992年第4期10-18,共9页

摘　　要：利用野牦牛的优秀基因培育牦牛新品种群已进人了育种实践阶段,由于育种公牛的特定关系,在牦牛育种中有计划的采用了近交技术,经过横交一世代两年的统计,未发现近交衰退和严重分离现象,本文认为:野、家牦牛种质差异小,从染色体组型、血清酶及生化组分,生殖细胞的超微结构及酶活,生活习性及繁殖特点等方面的研究都证实了这一点;野、家牦牛基因都比较纯合;牦牛代谢反应迟钝,畜种原始偏向肉用。因此,在牦牛育种中有计划、有控制地采用近交技术,安全可靠并可加速育种进程,尽快地达到同质化。The deuelopment of breeding herd of new yak breed have been now in practical stage. Inbreeding technigue was adopted,considering the special characters of the breeding bull。 Inbreeding degradation and significant difference were not showed in the two-year-analysis of interbreeding for one generation。The authors believe that the genetic difference between domestic yak and wild yak is small, which wast indecated by the studies of chromosome type, serum enzyme and its biochemical components, supermicrostructure, enzyme activity habits and reproductive characteristics。Wild yak and domestic yak are genetic homogenic, react slowly in metabolism and the breeding direction has the tendency towa rd beef production。 All these indicated that the inbreeding technique could be used effectively and controlly to increse the development of breeding。

关 键 词：牦牛 育种 自交 应用 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]