超声波作用下的钛鞣研究  

Influence of powder ultrasound on titanium tanning

作　　者：彭必雨[1] 孙丹红[1] 陈耀文[1] 石碧[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《中国皮革》2004年第7期5-9,共5页China Leather

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (项目编号 :2 0 0 760 2 9);四川大学青年基金资助

摘　　要：利用自制的超声波鞣制器和超声波转鼓 ,研究了 2 0kHz和 40kHz超声波作用下的钛鞣过程。该 2种设备能将机械作用和超声波作用结合起来 ,对研究超声波对制革过程的影响更具有实际意义。研究结果表明 :2 0kHz超声波对钛鞣的促进作用较 40kHz超声波明显 ;2 0kHz超声波施加于钛鞣过程 ,能促进钛鞣剂向皮内的渗透 ,提高钛在革内分布的均匀性 ,从而提高了钛鞣效应 ,表现为革的收缩温度升高。钛鞣剂碱度较高、用量较少时 ,超声波的效应越明显 ;鞣前用超声波对钛鞣液进行预处理后 ,再在超声波的作用下鞣制 ,鞣制效应更好 ,革的Ts达到1 0 2 .6℃ ;在无盐介质中 ,进行 2 0kHz超声波作用下的钛鞣 ,革的Ts达到 1 0 6.5℃。超声波对钛鞣的促进作用可归结于超声波的“空化”效应 ,它减小了钛鞣液中鞣剂分子的聚结作用 ,从而增加了鞣剂向皮内的扩散速度。The influence of power ultrasound (20kHzand 40kHz) on titanium tanning was studied by using a ultrasonic tanning apparatus and a laboratory scale ultrasonic drum designed by authors. In these facilities, the mechanical action of shaking or running was combined with power ultrasound, so that the tanning effect could be more practically investigated. It was found that the ultrasonic of 20kHz could remarkably improve the penetration of Ti in pelt, increase the uniformity of Ti distribution in leather, and, thus, increase the Ts of leather. In comparison of with application of 40kHz ultrasound, the improvement of titanium tanning was more obvious when 20kHz ultrasound was employed. The enhancing effect of ultrasound was more remarkably observed when lower offer of TiO 2, such as 5%, and higher basicity of tanning liquor, such as 50%, were used. If tanning liquor was pretreated with 20kHz ultrasound at first, the better tanning effect was obtained in the presence of 20kHz ultrasound, and the leather of Ts 102.6℃ could be achieved. In these conditions, when the tanning was carried out in the ultrasonic drum with Pickcal Flakes ( BASFcompany) as auxiliary agent, the Ts of the leather reached to 105.6℃. The remarkable enhancing effect of ultrasonic on titanium tanning is mainly due to its cavitation effect which produces de-aggregation effect of titanium tanning liquor and therefore,increases the diffusion coefficient of the tanning agent in pelt.

关 键 词：超声波作用 钛鞣 机械作用 制革过程 

分 类 号：TS529[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]