梅州市65例乙脑流行病学调查分析  

Epidemiological Study of 65 Cases of Encephalitis B in Meizhou City

作　　者：潘耀启[1] 刘雅姬[1] 曾国浩[1] 张玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]梅州市疾病预防控制中心,梅州514021

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2004年第1期62-63,共2页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 分析梅州市2003年乙脑流行特征,评价乙脑防治效果。方法 采用流行病学现场调查、实验室检测、乙脑疫苗应急接种等方法。结果 发现梅州市五华等5县区在2003年5月27日至7月1日共发生乙脑暴发流行病例65例。流行高峰为6月份,占87.69％(57例)。最小年龄8个月,最大年龄13岁,以6～10岁为多见,占67.69％(44例)。发病地区以五华县45例(69.23％)为主。临床表现以高热、嗜睡、昏迷、抽搐和锥体受损为主,易诊断为“病毒脑”,但具有末稍血白细胞升高的特点。乙脑特异性抗体IgM一周内检出率为35.14％,一周后检出率为69.57％,一周后IgM检出率明显高于一周内。结论 梅州市乙脑流行高峰为6月份,流行季节、流行地区发生“病毒脑”时应作乙脑IgM抗体检测鉴别,采血最佳时间为发病后一周。应急接种乙脑灭活疫苗10～15d后可达到控制乙脑的效果。Objective To analyze the epidemic feature of epidemic encephalitis B in Meizhou city in 2003 and to evaluate the prevention and cure of epidemic encephalitis B. Method Epidemiology inquisition on site, laboratory examination, and vaccination were performed. Results 65 cases of outbreak of epidemic encephalitis B occurreed around Wuhua area from May 27 to July 1 in 2003. 57 cases were found in June, the peak of this outbreak, which was 87.69% of total cases. The age of the patients in 44 cases were between 8 months and 13 years old, which was 67.69% of the total. 45 cases (69.23% of total) were found in Wuhua county, where the most cases were found. This disease is easy to be diagnosed as 'virus encephalitis' by the clinical symptoms like hyperpyrexia, deep sleep, obfuscation, twitch, cone-hurted and increased in white blood cells. The diagnostic rate for anti-viral IgM after one week of infection was 69.57%, which was higher than that (35.14%) within a week of infection. Conclusions The peak of outbreak of epidemic encephalitis B in Meizhou area was in June. When suspect outbreak of 'virus encephalitis' occurs in the peak season or endemic areas, specific 'IgM' should be tested after one week of infection. Epidemic encephalitis B can be controlled within 10 to 15 days by vaccination.

关 键 词：乙脑 流行 调查分析 

分 类 号：R512.32[医药卫生—内科学]