棉田烟粉虱种群动态及杀虫剂的影响  

POPULATION DYNAMICS OF TOBACCO WHITEFLY IN COTTON FIELD AND THE INFLUENCE OF INSECTICIDE APPLICATION

作　　者：罗志义[1] 章伟年[1] 干国培 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海昆虫研究所

出　　处：《昆虫学报》1989年第3期293-299,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

摘　　要：本文记述了烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius))各龄若虫形态特征、生物学特性,以及1977—1984年八年的田间种群动态及杀虫剂对其影响。烟粉虱是上海郊区常发性棉田害虫,但密度较低,为害不重,除棉花外还为害大豆等作物。烟粉虱从7月上旬在棉田出现,8—9月为发生盛期。一般年份有三个高峰日,每年高峰日出现有一定规律。烟粉虱田间种群积累增长数和10℃以上积温呈S形曲线相关,文中给出不同数量类型年份的相关曲线,可以用于预测种群增长趋势。10月下旬以后种群数量明显下降。调查中发现二种寄生蜂寄生若虫,对粉虱种群有一定影 响。在每年用药7—9次的常规用药田块粉虱种群可以被压制到较低水平,但寄生蜂也全部损失,在每年用药3—4次的控药田块,虽粉虱数量较多,但寄生蜂数量也有上升趋势,而影响粉虱种群数量。The nymphal morphology and population dynamics of the tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabacl Gennadius, in the cotton fields of Shanghai from 1977 to 1984 as influenced by insecticide application were studied. 'It is a common cotton insect of minor importance in suburbs of Shanghai and also occurs on soybean. This whirefly appeared in cotton fields from early July and formed three population peaks from August to September in, regular dates. The relation between accumulative quantitative increase of the whitefly population and the accumulated temperature above 10℃ could be fitted to logistic equations and the curves of its population dynamics were drawn with the data of eight years for the use of pest status prognosis. Two species of hymentopteran parasitoids attacking its nymphs were found in Shanghai which showed suppre-sive effect on its population. Application of insecticides for 7 to 9 times a year in the cotton fields would significantly reduce the whitefly population and also reduce the populations of the parasitoids. Reducing the insecticide application to 3-4 times a year would preserve the parasitoids to effect suppression of the whitefly population.

关 键 词：烟粉虱 种群动态 杀虫剂 

分 类 号：S433.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]