应力波在管道中传播的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Stress Wave Propagation in Pipes

作　　者：王秀彦[1] 金山[1] 李涌[1] 吴斌[1] 何存富[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,北京100022

出　　处：《实验力学》2004年第1期97-102,共6页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(19972003);北京自然科学基金重点项目(3011001);教育部高等学校骨干教师资助计划项目

摘　　要：实验研究了轴对称加载条件下,在有、无缺陷的管道中应力波的传播特性。实现了在非弥散频率范围内单模态应力波的激励;在无缺陷的情况下研究了应力波的反射、衰减等;同时研究了缺陷前后不同点、距缺陷一定距离的同一截面上的多点对激励的响应。结果表明,由于在波的传播过程中衰减相对较小,这种方法有望实现管道的长距离缺陷检测。This paper examines experimentally stress waves propagation in pipes with and without defect under symmetrical loading. Using a steel hammer connected with a amplifier, then to TDS3034 oscilloscope, as a excitation source and some resistance gauges as receivers, the experimental set up was developed. Considering the characteristics of waves′ dispersion and multi-modes, the excitation of single mode wave in non-disperse frequency range was realized by using a steel hammer. In the case of no defect present, the reflection and attenuation of stress wave were investigated. It was found that agrees well with the theoretical predications. The stress waves can propagate above 200 meters in pipes without defect and covered by air, this implies the method can been used to detect a defect in a long distance pipe. In the case of a defect (1.3 mm wide, 1/8 circumference long) present, the effect of the defect on the characteristics of waves propagation in pipes was also investigated. Due to the lower frequency of exciting signal, it is difficult to distinguish a defect echo from waveforms received by gauges in time domain. Nevertheless, a defect was found to great effect on the amplitude of the waveforms. The experimental results demonstrate that these methods may be used to inspect pipes in long range.

关 键 词：应力波 管道 无损检测 管道运输 反射 衰减 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程] O347.4[理学—固体力学]