眼压不对称性与原发性开角型青光眼的关系  

The relationship between intraocular pressure asymmetry and POAG:The eye epidemiological investigation on urban and rural defined-populations in Beijing

作　　者：李建军[1] 徐亮[1] 张蓉秀[1] 杨桦[1] 马英楠[1] 朱建波[1] 吴旬生[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科中心,北京市眼科研究所北京100730

出　　处：《眼科》2003年第5期280-282,共3页Ophthalmology in China

摘　　要：目的 :评价眼压不对称性在 40岁以上人群横断面研究中的发生率及其与原发性开角型青光眼 (primaryopen angleglaucoma ,POAG)的关系。方法 :在参加北京城乡限定区域人群眼流行病学调查的 4451例 (40～ 10 1岁 )受试者中 ,在散瞳前用非接触式眼压计测量双眼眼压。眼压不对称性的定义是双眼之间的眼压差别≥ 3mmHg。POAG诊断根据为存在典型的青光眼性视神经、视野改变及前房角开放。结果 :眼压被可靠测量者 43 89例。右眼压平均 (16 0 3± 3 2 5)mmHg ,左眼压平均 (16 0 8± 3 17)mmHg。总人群的不对称性眼压发生率为 2 0 0 1% (878/ 43 89) ,且随着年龄的增长而增大 ,在 40～ 49岁年龄组不对称性眼压的发生率为 18 4% ,而在 70岁以上年龄组达 2 6 6% (P =0 0 0 0 )。此外 ,不对称性眼压的发生率随着眼压水平 (以双眼的眼压较高眼为准 )增大而增高 ,在眼压≤ 16mmHg的受试者不对称性眼压发生率 9 7% ,17～ 2 1mmHg者 2 6 1% ,大于 2 1mmHg者 50 7% (χ2 检验 ,Ρ =0 0 0 0 )。在POAG患者不对称性眼压者占 3 5 4% ,正常人则占 18 2 % (P =0 0 0 0 )。结论 :在 40岁以上的人群中 ,无论其眼压水平如何 。Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of intraocular pressure (IOP)asymmetry in a population of 40 years or over and its relationship to the presence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods:IOP of 4451 subjects,aged 40 101 years,in urban and rural defined populations of Beijing was measured with NCT before dilatation of pupil for fundus examination.Asymmetric IOP was defined as an IOP difference between the two eyes was 3mmHg or more.POAG was diagnosed by the presence of optic disc cupping with rim thinning and matching typical visual field defects,opened anterior chamber angle,without reference to IOP.Results:IOP was measured reliably with NCT in 4389 subjects.The average IOP of right and left eye was (16 03±3 25)mmHg and (16 08±3 17)mmHg,respectively.IOP asymmetry was present in 20 01% of all subjects.The IOP asymmetry prevalence was increased with age (P<0 05).The prevalence increased from 18 4% of subjects aged 40 49 to 26 6% of subjects aged 70 years or older (P=0 000). The IOP asymmetry prevalence was also increased with IOP level(taking the eye with higher IOP of the two eyes), which were 9 7%,26 1% and 50 7% (P<0 05) in subjects with IOP 16mmHg or less,17 21mmHg and 21 mmHg or more, respectively. The IOP asymmetry prevalence in POAG patients was significantly higher than in normal subjects (35 44%vs.18 22%,P=0 000).Conclusion:In the population of 40 years or over at all IOP levels,IOP asymmetry is a very important risk factor of PO AG.

关 键 词：眼压 青光眼 开角型 眼 流行病学 

分 类 号：R775.1[医药卫生—眼科]