我国北方春季沙尘暴的异常及其对冬季青藏高原地面感热的响应  

The Abnormal Sand-Dust Storm in Northern China during Spring and Its Response to Surface Sensible Heat on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in Winter

作　　者：钟海玲[1] 李栋梁[1] 魏丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2004年第3期323-329,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技部社会公益研究专项课题"西北干旱区沙尘暴预警;服务系统研究"(2001科技部类 08);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(GT2000048705)资助

摘　　要：选用中国178个常规气象观测站建站～2000年历年春季沙尘暴日数资料,分析了近50a来中国北方春季沙尘暴的气候特征。在此基础上进一步揭示了我国北方沙尘暴的形成、发展以及造成的危害。结果表明:我国北方春季沙尘暴存在东西反位相差异,近50a来,春季沙尘暴日数总体趋势在减少,但20世纪末又有明显的回升趋势。这不仅与影响我国北方的冷空气路径有关,还与青藏高原冬季地面感热的异常密切相关。Data of annual sand-dust storm days recorded by the 178 meteorology observation stations in northern China were used to analyze the climatic characteristics of sand-dust storm during spring in the recent 50 years and its response to the surface sensible heat on Qinghai-Xizang plateau in winter. Results showed that there was opposite phase of sand-dust storm happening between in the east and the west of northern China; generally the sand-dust storm days during spring had been decreasing in recent 50 years, but at the end of the 20th century remarkably showed re-rising trend. The happening of sand-dust storm in northern China not only has relation with the moving path of cold air but also with the surface sensible heat flux on Qinghai-Xizang plateau in winter.

关 键 词：沙尘暴 沙埋 风蚀 沙割 北方地区 青藏高原 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]