1997-2001年我国疟疾流行特征  

Prevalence and characteristics of malaria in China

作　　者：高春玉[1] 熊鸿燕[2] 韩光红[3] 柴光军[1] 王善雨[1] 杨小为[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军后勤部卫生防疫队,北京100076 [2]第三军医大学预防医学系流行病学教研室,重庆400038 [3]军事医学科学院微生物流行病学研究所,北京100071

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2003年第11期974-976,共3页Journal of Third Military Medical University

摘　　要：目的　掌握我国疟疾流行特征 ,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法　收集 1997-2 0 0 1年全国各省、直辖市、自治区疟疾发病及死亡数据、人口数据 ,利用Excel 5 0等软件对我国疟疾流行情况进行统计分析 ,并利用MapInfoProfessional 5 5软件将各省市区疟疾发病率通过行政区代码与 1∶10 0 0 0 0 0中国地图数据库相链接 ,创建疟疾发病率专题地图。结果　 1997-2 0 0 1年全国各省市区累计发病 14 760 5例 ,年均发病率为 2 3 941/10万 ,死亡 2 2 0人 ,年均死亡率为0 0 0 3 6/10万 ,病死率为 0 15 %。发病率居 2 6种甲、乙类法定报告传染病的第 9位 ,死亡率居 12～ 14位 ,病死率居 12～ 17位不等 ;发病数占自然疫源性及虫媒传染病总数的 2 8 2 5 %～ 3 2 62 % ,仅次于流行性出血热。地区发病率以海南居首 ,云南次之 ,其余各地区排序略有变化。时间从每年 5月开始上升 ,7～ 9月达高峰 ,10月后开始下降。结论　疟疾是严重危害我国人民健康的虫媒传染病。近年全国疟疾发病率虽呈下降趋势 ,但在局部地区 ,疟疾的发病情况仍然难以有效控制 ,海南和云南两省仍是今后我国疟疾防治工作的重点。Objective To provide the scientific data for preventing strategies by the study of the prevalence and characteristicss of malaria in China Methods The data about malaria occurrence from 1997 to 2001 in China were collected and analyzed with software package of Excel 5 0 The special map of incidence rate was established by using the technique of electronic map in MapInfo Professional 5 5 Results There were 147 605 cases of malaria and 220 cases of death reported from 1997 to 2001 in China Average annual incidence rate and mortality rate were about 2 394 1 per 100 thousand and 0 003 6 per 100 thousand, respectively The fatality rate was about 0 15 % Malaria incidence rate ranked No 9 among the 26 notifiable infectious diseases of A & B Mortality rate and fatality rate ranked No 12～14 and 12～17, respectively The cases of malaria, following epidemic hemorrhagic fever only, were 28 25～32 62% among natural focal diseases and arthropod borne infectious diseases According to the number of malaria cases, the highest region was in Hainan province and the others were Yunnan, Hubei, Henan provinces, etc Prevalence season was significant in period from May to October Conclusion Malaria is one of the main arthropod borne infectious diseases seriously harmful to the human health in China From 1997 to 2001, the incidence of malaria decreased But in some areas, the malaria incidence could not be controlled properly According to the number of malaria cases, the highest region is Hainan province, followed by Yunnan province

关 键 词：疟疾 流行病学 发病率 疾病统计 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R531.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]