两地综合医院病房护士长队伍现状调查及对比分析  

Comparative Investigation and Analysis of Current Status of Head Nurses in Shandong and Beijing Hospitals

作　　者：解晨[1] 王仁鸿[1] 刘瑞霜[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省立医院护理部,山东济南250021 [2]卫生部北京医院门诊部,北京100730

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2004年第4期23-25,共3页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的　为了解山东与北京两地病房护士长队伍现状 ,找出彼此存在的差异 ,取长补短 ,更好地发挥护士长的功能作用 ,提高临床护理管理水平 ,为医院护理人事制度的改革提供参考。方法　以北京和山东各 8所三级甲等医院病房护士长为调查对象 ,对她们的年龄、学历、管理工作年限、护龄、护理管理进修史等方面进行了调查及对比分析。结果　护士长的年龄结构趋向年轻化 ;学历层次以大专为主 ,中专学历比较有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 0 8) ;两地护士长任职管理年限≤ 10年的均达半数以上 ,5年以下及 10～ 15年的比较有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 0 8) ;从事护理工作 5年以上的均为 97.8% ,5～ 10年比较有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 0 8) ;两地均半数以上护士长接受过护理管理培训 ,培训方式以理论培训为主 ,山东地区更注重理论培训 ( χ2 =6.5 3 ,P <0 .0 12 5 ) ,且多在国内接受培训 ,而北京地区较山东多在本市接受培训 ( χ2 =3 3 .40 ,P <0 .0 1) ,山东多在本院和外省市接受培训 ( χ2 =9.19,P <0 .0 1;χ2 =15 0 1,P<0 .0 1)。结论　两地均废除了护士长任职的“终身制” ,为选拔年轻护士长创造了空间 ,但年龄结构比例失衡。年轻护士长应采取积极有效措施 ,尽快提高学历层次 ,改善知识结构 ,掌握科学的管理方法 。Objective To compare the current status of head nurses in Beijing and Shandong and find out the differences between them for the purpose of learning from each other for common progress so as to improve clinical nursing management and provide information for reform of the nursing system.Methods Head nurses from 8 class 3-A hospitals in Beijing and Shandon were investigated by questionnaire with regard to age, educational background, age of managerial service,nursing age, and training experience.Results Age of the head nurses tended to be younger, most of whom had 3-year college degree. More than 50% of the head nurses had managerial experiences of less than 10 years. Statistic significance was observed in head nurses who had less than 5-year nursing experience and in those who had 10 to 15-year nursing experience (P<0.008). 97.8% of them had more than 5-year nursing experience.Over 50% of them had the history of training in nursing management: theoretic training as the main mode in Shandong (χ 2=6.53,P<0.0125).Conclusions The lifetime system of head nurses has been annulled in Shandong and Beijing hospitals, which leaves room for selecting younger head nurses, though the age stratification is out of balance.The young head nurses should try their best to upgrade their educational background and enrich the structure of knowledge and acquire managerial knowledge to meet the increasing demands on nursing services.

关 键 词：综合医院 病房护士长 护理管理 护理人事制度 临床护理 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R192.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]