玉米与四倍体多年生玉米代换种质的选育及其基因组原位杂交鉴定  

The Production and Multi-color Genomic in situ Hybridization Identification of Maize-Z.perennis Substituted Material

作　　者：唐祈林[1] 李晚忱[1] 宋运淳[2] 荣廷昭[1] 潘光堂[1] 黄玉碧[1] 曹墨菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学玉米研究所,雅安625014 [2]武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2004年第4期340-344,共5页

基　　金：国家"863"项目(编号:2001AA241051);四川省教育厅玉米遗传育种科研项目;武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室开放实验室基金资助~~

摘　　要：通过对玉米与四倍体多年生玉米杂种F1采用遮光调节开花时期、喷施低浓度赤霉素等提高可杂交性措施 ,选育出一个含有四倍体多年生玉米遗传物质的、在形态特性与普通玉米相似的种质 ,并对供试材料的表型性状进行了调查 ,对玉米及其与四倍体多年生杂交后代材料的体细胞染色体进行多色基因组原位杂交 (Multi colorGenomeinsituHybridization ,McGISH)检测。结果表明 :玉米与四倍体多年生玉米种杂交后代F2 ×P1的许多表型性状已经回复到玉米的特征 ;F2 ×P1自交一代 (BC1F3 )染色体数目为 2 0 ,在原位杂交检测的植株中有 17条与玉米亲本显色相同 ,另外 3条染色体区别于玉米基因组 ,检出为红色荧光且形态上小于玉米染色体 ,表明其来源于四倍体多年生玉米染色体。可见 ,BC1F3 是玉米 四倍体多年生玉米异源代换种质。Genus Zea.L was composed of two sections:sect.Luxuriantes Doebley & Iltis including Z.dipperennis,Z.luxurians and Z.perennis,and sect.Zea.mays consisting only one species,annual Z.mays.To improve the biodiversity of germplasm in maize breeding,the study of transferring maize relatives gene into common maize were performed.Firstly,interspecific hybrids between maize (Zea.L)(2n=20) and Z.perennis(2n=40) were produced with the aim of transferring desirable horticultural traits from Z.perennis to maize.The F_1 of maize×Z.perennis(2n=30) plant had the most frequent configuration of 5Ⅲ+5Ⅱ+5Ⅰ,which were sterile and difficult to produce progeny because of genomic affinities.However,few F_2 individuals of maize×Z.perennis could be obtained by some specially treatments,and one maize-like F_2 plant were obtained,which were used as a female parent in backcrossing with maize parent.Twelve F_2×P_1(BC_1 F_2) plants were obtained and then self-crossed to produce self-crossing generation of F_2×P_1(2n=20)(BC_1 F_3).The phenotypic characters of parents,F_1(2n=30) hybrids,F_2 and F_2×P_1 were investigated,such as plant height,flowering,leaf shape and tillers.To further verify the genomic organization of maize-Z.perennis material,maize (inbred line 48-2) and BC_1 F_3 chromosomes,the root tip cells were analyzed by Multi-color GISH.We probed maize and BC_1 F_3 chromosomes with the probe mixture containing biotin-labeled Z.perennis genomic DNA and digoxigenin-labeled maize genomic DNA,the maize spread exhibited 10 chromosomes with yellow signals and the other 10 chromosomes carried green fluorescing bands.However,although the BC_1 F_3 was 2n=20 in all cases,Multi-color GISH images revealed that 17 chromosomes had uniform signals similar to maize chromosomes,but dispersed red signals over the remaining three chromosomes were observed,which indicated that the 3 chromosomes originated from Z.perennis,and they were smaller than maize chromosomes.Data obtained from multi-color GISH images indicated that BC_1F_3 was probably a

关 键 词：玉米 四倍体多年生玉米种 异代换种质 多色基因组原位杂交 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]