咬肌血供及血管构筑的临床解剖学研究  

The clinical anatomic study of the blood supplying system and its vessel architecture of the masseteric muscle

作　　者：廖进民[1] 王兴海[1] 李忠华[1] 刘畅[1] 刘文军[1] 陈浩[1] 钟世镇[1] 

机构地区：[1]第一军医大学解剖学教研室,广东省广州市510515

出　　处：《中国美容医学》2003年第6期619-621,F007,共4页Chinese Journal of Aesthetic Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技攻关项目(编号:99B06703G)

摘　　要：目的:进一步探讨咬肌的血供及血管构筑,为咬肌下颌角良性肥大畸形矫正术提供形态学依据。方法:15例新鲜头颈部标本,对其中的13例25侧经双侧颈总动脉插管,加压注入红色过氯乙烯填充剂,经自然腐蚀后制成带颅骨的头部血管铸型标本,观察咬肌的动脉来源及血管构筑;另2例灌注红色乳胶,解剖咬肌的动脉来源及分布。结果:咬肌营养血管来源于咬肌动脉和邻近动脉咬肌支。25侧标本中供应咬肌的动脉共有147支,其中上颌动脉发出的咬肌动脉25支,每侧1支;邻近动脉咬肌支共有122支,每侧约4.9支。邻近动脉咬肌支中面横动脉咬肌支有1.8支±0.72支,面动脉咬肌支为1.4支±0.56支,颈外动脉咬肌支为1.08支±0.64支,面动脉下颌支的咬肌支为0.5支±0.5支。各咬肌动脉入咬肌后发出分支相互吻合,构成丰富的咬肌血管网。结论:咬肌的血供以邻近动脉咬肌支为主;在行咬肌下颌角良性肥大畸形矫正术切除部分咬肌时,应避免损伤邻近动脉咬肌支。Objective To explore the blood supplying system and its vessel architecture of the masseter,and to provide anatomic basis for plastic surgery of masseter hypertrophy. Methods Red chlorinated poly vinyl chloride was injected into the arteries on 13 fresh adult head specimens by both common carotid artery catheterization.Then the head specimens with vessel casting mould were established after the hard and soft tissue were corroded,and would be used to observe the origin and vascular architecture of the masseter. Another two fresh adult specimens were perfused with red latex and the source of masseteric artery was dissected. Results The nutrient arteries of the masseter originated from masseteric artery and masseteric branches of adjacent arteries.In 25 side specimens, the artery supplied masseteric muscle had 147 branches, of which masseteric artery come from maxillary artery had 25 branches (one per side) and the masseteric branch of neighbour artery had 122 ones(4.9 branches per side). Among masseteric branches of adjacent arteries, there respectively were 1.9±0.72,1.4±0.56,1.1±0.64 and 0.5±0.5 masseteric branches in transverse facial,facial, external carotid artery and mandibular branch of facial artery.The sub-branches of the masseteric artery and branches anastomosed each other after they entered into the masseter and a rich vascular network was formed in masseter. Conclusion The blood supply of the masseter is mainly masseteric branches of neighbouring arteries.When the plastic surgery of masseter hypertrophy was performed,pay attention to avoid injury of the masseteric branch of the adjacent arteries.

关 键 词：咬肌 血供 血管构筑 临床解剖学 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]