长期施肥对石灰性土壤磷素肥力的影响 Ⅱ.无机磷和有机磷  

Influence of long-term fertilization on phosphorus fertility of calcareous soil Ⅱ.Inorganic and organic phosphorus.

作　　者：谢林花[1] 吕家珑[2] 张一平[2] 刘利花[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学皮革工程学院环境工程教研室,咸阳712081 [2]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2004年第5期790-794,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目 ( 3 9790 10 0 );教育部回国人员启动基金;陕西省自然科学基金资助项目 ( 2 0 0 2D09)

摘　　要：采用蒋柏藩 顾益初无机磷分级方法和灼烧法、Bowman Cole的土壤有机磷分组方法 ,研究了定位试验 2 3年的 0～ 10 0cm土壤无机磷和有机磷的形态组成 .结果表明 ,无机磷含量为厩肥 >休闲 >化肥 >低秸 >高秸 >中秸 >无肥 .不同施肥处理土壤无机磷各组分的IPi 值呈现以下特点 :Ca2 P、Ca8 P、Al P的IPi 值较低 ,Ca10 P、Fe P、O P的IPi 值较高 .与无肥处理的无机磷各组分IPi 值相比 ,厩肥与休闲处理Ca2 P、Ca8 P、Al P的IPi 值显著增大 ,Ca10 P、Fe P、O P的IPi 值减小 ,其中以Ca10 P的IPi 值减小较大 .单施化肥处理Ca2 P、Ca8 P、Al P、O P的IPi 值也增大 ,Ca10 P、Fe P的IPi 值减小 ,显示长期单施化肥不仅可明显提高Ca2 P、Ca8 P、Al P含量 ,而且对O P的增长有显著作用 .3种秸秆处理基本上呈现Ca2 P、Ca8 P、Al P的IPi 值增大 ,Ca10 P、Fe P、O P的IPi 值减小趋势 .从就有效磷 (Ca2 P、Ca8 P、Al P)含量而言 ,厩肥处理高于化肥处理 ,而单施化肥处理高于玉米秸秆处理 .玉米秸秆配施化肥可显著增加土壤有机磷含量 .对土壤有机磷库的贡献 ,玉米秸秆处理大于厩肥处理 .施入有机肥 ,可增加土壤有机磷各组分的含量 ,而化肥则主要是促进土壤稳定性有机磷向活性、中活性有机磷转化 .By the Jiang-Gu inorganic phosphorus fractionation method and the Bowman-Cole organic phosphorus fractionation method,this paper studied the forms and compositions of inorganic and organic phosphorus in 0～100 cm layer of calcareous soil after 23 years located experiment.The result showed that the content of inorganic phosphorus was in the order of treatment animal manure>fallow>chemical fertilizer>low rate straw>high rate straw>medium rate straw>no fertilizer.The IP i value of inorganic phosphorus forms in different fertilizer treatments had the following characteristics:a) it was relatively low for Ca 2-P,Ca 8-P and Al-P,but relatively high for Ca 10 -P,Fe-P and O-P;b) comparing with no fertilizer treatment,treatments animal manure and fallow had a notably high IP i value of Ca 2-P,Ca 8-P and Al-P and a low IP i value of Ca 10 -P,Fe-P and O-P;while treatment chemical fertilizer had a high IP i value of Ca 2-P,Ca 8-P,Al-P and O-P,but a low IP i value of Ca 10 -P and Fe-P;c) as for available phosphorus source (Ca 2-P,Ca 8-P and Al-P),their content was higher in treatment animal manure than in treatment chemical fertilizer,and higher in treatment chemical fertilizer than in treatments straws.A combined application of straw and chemical fertilizer could increase soil organic phosphorus content notably.Applying animal manure could increase the content of all organic phosphorus forms,while applying chemical fertilizer could promote the transformation of soil resistant organic phosphorus to labile and medium labile organic phosphorus.No fertilizer treatment had a relatively lower content of labile and medium labile organic phosphorus,but a relatively high content of resistant organic phosphorus.For treatment fallow,it had a relatively low content of soil organic matter and organic phosphorus,but a relatively high content of labile and medium resistant organic phosphorus.

关 键 词：长期定位试验 石灰性土壤 无机磷分级 有机磷分级 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]