植物蓝光受体研究进展  

Current progress of blue-light photoreceptors of plant

作　　者：常立[1] 文国琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学园艺学院,雅安625014

出　　处：《生物技术通讯》2004年第2期169-171,共3页Letters in Biotechnology

摘　　要：植物蓝光调节的反应主要有向光性、抑制幼茎伸长、叶绿体迁移、刺激气孔张开和调节基因表达等。蓝光反应的有效波长是蓝光和近紫外光(320～400nm),故蓝光受体也叫蓝光/近紫外光受体。植物蓝光受体研究近年来取得较大进展。以拟南芥为例,已得到确认的受体至少有隐花色素(CRY1、2)和向光蛋白(phototropin)两大类。转基因拟南芥对蓝光、紫外光和绿光敏感,并发现CRY1是一个可溶性蛋白。CRY2编码一个核蛋白熏蓝光在转录水平对该蛋白进行调节,它的作用是增加拟南芥对蓝光的敏感性。CRY1和CRY2共同介导了拟南芥植物的向光性。隐花色素的蛋白与辅基之间以非共价键连接,可以吸收蓝光和近紫外光。CRY1和CRY2蛋白之间,尤其是N端相似性很高。向光蛋白目前只发现PHOT1和PHOT2两种,向光蛋白作为丝/苏氨酸激酶蓝光受体含有两个光氧化结构域(LOV)并参与了植物向光性叶绿体运动、气孔开放等。Blue and ultraviolet-A light regulate a wide range of responses in plants, including phototropism, chloroplast migration and stomatal opening. However, the photoreceptors for these light responses have been identified only recently. Cryptochrome 1 and cryptochrome 2 are firstly elucidated. The phototropins (phot1 and phot2) represent a new class of receptor kinases that appear to be exclusive to plants. Recent genetic analysis has shown that phot1 and phot2 exhibit partially overlapping functions in mediating phototropism, chloroplast migration, and stomatal opening in Arabidopsis. The details of how this excitation activates such different responses remain to be elucidated.

关 键 词：植物 蓝光受体 隐花色素 拟南芥 向光蛋白 

分 类 号：Q945.41[生物学—植物学]