模拟高住低练对优秀游泳运动员身体成分和物质代谢的影响  

Effects of Simulated Living High-Training Low on Body Composition and Metabolism for Elite Swimmers

作　　者：田中[1] 李卫平[1] 许豪文[2] 康凯[1] 郑曼丽[1] 秦美琴[1] 魏红[1] 张守正[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东体育学院科研处,山东济南250002 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200062

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2004年第1期37-40,共4页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：国家体育总局局管课题部分内容(014001)

摘　　要：以12名山东省游泳运动员为实验对象,分为模拟高住低练组和对照组,利用低压舱研究模拟高住低练对身体成分和物质代谢的影响。研究发现:模拟高住低练组除体脂重量外,体重、瘦体重、肌肉重量、肌肉蛋白均显著低于实验前(P<0.05),对照组体重、瘦体重、肌肉重量、肌肉蛋白、肌肉水分、体脂重量实验前后均无明显变化;模拟高住低练组除血清尿素明显升高外(P<0.05),其他指标无明显变化,对照组血清尿素、游离脂肪酸、甘油三脂、总胆固醇实验前后均无明显变化;实验后对照组和模拟高住低练组血清睾酮都稍有升高,对照组血清皮质醇明显降低(P<0.05),模拟高住低练组皮质醇无明显变化。结论:模拟高住低练可明显降低体重,肌肉丢失和肌肉蛋白的减少是体重下降的主要原因,高浓度的血尿素表明模拟高住低练可促进蛋白的分解,而蛋白分解作用的增强可能与较高浓度的皮质醇有关。The aim of this study was an evaluation of the influence of living high-training low(Hi-Lo)on body composition and metabolism.12 elite swimmers were divided into simulated Hi-Lo group and control group.Simulated Hi-Lo group is exposed to a simulated altitude in a decompression chamber.Except for fat mass,in has been found that the body weight,lean body weight,muscle mass and muscle protein decreased significantly in simulated Hi-Lo group (P<0.05)and any of that changed significantly in control group.No significant changes in levels of serum nonesterified fatty acid(ENFA),glyceride and cholesterol were observed in both groups.Serum urea concentration increased significantly in simulated Hi-Lo group (P<0.05) while no change in control group.There were no significant in levels of serum testosterone and cortisol in simulated Hi-Lo group,serum testosterone concentration also increased slightly in control group(P<0.05),but cortisol concentration decreased significantly(P<0.05).We conclude that the notable loss of muscle and muscle protein after 3 weeks of Hi-Lo was the main cause for the decreased body weight.The increased level of serum urea suggested an increased protein matabolism which was a result of high level of serum cortisol concentration.

关 键 词：游泳 运动员 身体成分 物质代谢 模拟高住低练 睾酮 皮质醇 高原训练 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练] G804.7[文化科学—体育学]