外源C_4作物DNA导入小麦的研究  

Studies on DNA Transfer from C_4 Crop to Wheat

作　　者：周文麟[1] 倪建福[1] 王亚馥[2] 刘志学[2] 陈克明[2] 杨汉民[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院,兰州730070 [2]兰州大学生物系,兰州730000

出　　处：《作物学报》1992年第6期418-424,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金

摘　　要：利用小麦自交后的花粉管通道,将C_4作物玉米或高粱的DNA导入小麦的种胚细胞,结果受体后代发生了广泛的变异,而且受体不同,所发生的变异不同。甘麦8号受体后代植株变矮,结实率低,分蘖多至5个,少至完全不分蘖;8347—2-4和8013—3品系后代中出现不育株;6873—20—3品系受体后代的籽粒由红色转变为白色而且稳定遗传;蓝粒麦受体后代D_1、D_2、D_3代中都出现一定比例的白化苗和白-绿纵向嵌合苗。其中白化苗生长到三叶期逐渐死亡;嵌合苗虽然生长势弱,但还能结少量种子,其后代继续分离出白化、嵌合苗和绿苗;受体后代的绿苗可正常结籽,其后代也出现以上的分离现象。而未导入外源DNA的对照绿苗其后代未发现上述变异类型。电泳结果表明:在三叶期的供体、受体、白化苗、嵌合苗及受体绿苗之间的过氧化物酶同工酶和可溶性蛋白质的种类、活性或含量均存在明显的不同。供体与受体间存在本质的差异,各种变异类型的电泳谱带介于供、受体之间而偏向于受体,但供体的某些特有谱带在后代中亦得到较好的再现。某些谱带呈杂合的趋势并且在白化、嵌合和绿苗三种变异类型中的表现又不同,表现出一定的规律性变化。DNA extracted from C_4 crops (Chinese sorghum or maize) was transferred into the em-bryo of wheat through the pollen tube canal after self cross. This caused extensive variation inthe progenies of the acceptors, and the variations were different with different acceptors. Inthe progenies of Ganmai 8 acceptor, some plants became short--statured, with lower seed set-ting, and the number of tillers varied fronl zero to five. Some Plants of the progenies of8347--2--4 and 8013--3 became sterile, and the seed color of some seeds in the progeny of6873--20--3 changed from red to white and were bred true. Certain proportions of albino,white--green mosaic and green plants appeared in the D_1, D_2 and D_3 progenes of theBlue--seed acceptor. The albino plants died gradually before the 3--leaf stage, but the mosaicplants, although grew weakly could reach maturity and produce a few seed. Segregation con-tinued in the progenies of the mosaic plants as well as the green plants, but no segregation oc-curred in the progenies of the control. Results of PAGE scanning indicated that there were obvious differences in the types, ac-tivities or contents of isoperoxidase and soluble protein among the donors, acceptors and thethree types of D_2 leaf color variants at the 3--leaf stage. The Zymograms of the isoperoxidaseof the donor and the acceptor were quite different from each other, whereas those of D_2 vari-ants were intermediate between them but approaching the acceptors. Some specific bands ofthe donors appeared in the zymograms of the D_2 progenies and some bands showed indica-tion of heterozygosity. There were also differences among the albino, moszic and greenplants.

关 键 词：外源 DNA 导入 作物 小麦 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]