氮磷钾肥长期配合施用对冬小麦籽粒品质的影响  

Effects of Long-term Combined Application of N, P and K Fertilizer on Grain Quality in Winter Wheat

作　　者：姜东[1] 戴廷波[1] 荆奇[1] 曹卫星[1] 赵辉[1] 周琴[1] 范雪梅[1] 陈荣振 冯国华 刘东涛 张爱君 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学/农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室,南京210095 [2]江苏省徐州市农科所,徐州221121

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2004年第4期566-571,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170544);高校博士点基金资助项目(2000030707);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2001063;BK2002205)

摘　　要：在长期定位肥料试验的基础上,研究了氮、磷、钾肥配合施用对不同专用小麦籽粒品质形成的影响。结果表明,与不施肥处理相比,长期施用氮肥显著提高了小麦籽粒产量和籽粒蛋白质含量,提高幅度分别达107%～268%和7.4%～13.9%。长期磷肥与氮肥配合施用处理提高了小麦产量,但降低了籽粒蛋白质含量。仅施氮、钾肥处理的面筋和籽粒蛋白质含量虽然大幅度提高,但面筋指数和产量显著降低至与对照相近的水平,表明土壤养分与肥料的均衡对小麦籽粒品质的形成较为重要。对于籽粒蛋白质含量较高的小麦品种,较高的氮肥水平和适宜的磷、钾肥有利于籽粒品质的形成,而对籽粒蛋白含量较低的品种而言,则需在适宜氮肥用量的基础上增施磷肥。Based on a long-term fertilization experiment, the effects of combined application of N, P and K fertilizers ongrain quality of different specialty wheat varieties were investigated. N fertilizer significantly increased yield and grain proteincontent of wheat by 107%-268% and 7.4%-13.9% as compared with the non-fertilizer treatment. Grain yield increased whilegrain protein content decreased with the combined application of N and P fertilizers, compared with single N treatment. Thelong-term combined application of N and K fertilizers increased gluten and grain protein content, but reduced the glutenindex and yield obviously, indicating that the nutrient element balance in soil was very important for formation of grainquality. High N combined with moderate P and K fertilizers favored quality formation of high protein content wheat, whilemoderate N combined with high P fertilizers favored quality formation of low protein content wheat.

关 键 词：氮钾 磷钾 长期配合施肥 冬小麦 籽粒品质 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]