200例婴儿惊厥的临床分析  

A clinical analysis on 200 cases of infantile convulsion

作　　者：程玉芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省商洛市中心医院儿科,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《国外医学（妇幼保健分册）》2004年第2期128-128,U001,共2页Foreign Medical Sciences (Section of Maternal and Child Health)

摘　　要：目的 :惊厥是由多种感染性和非感染性疾病所致的常见症状 ,好发于婴儿期 ,对其进行病因分析以利干预。方法 :根据患儿病史、体格检查、血常规、血清钙、碱性磷酸酶、脑电图、脑脊液及脑CT等临床检查 ,进行病因分析。结果 :高热惊厥 2 9.5 % ,颅脑疾病 4 3.0 % ,低钙性手足搐搦 2 5 .0 % ,病因未明者 2 .5 % ;0～ 4月龄发病率为 5 5 .0 % ,5～ 8月龄发病率为 35 .0 % ,9～ 12月龄发病率为 10 .0 % ,各组间比较P <0 .0 0 1;发病季节 ,1～ 3月份发病率为 4 0 .0 %、4～ 8月份 2 5 .0 %、9～ 12月份 35 .0 % ,月份间比较P <0 .0 0 1。 2 0 0例患儿经病因治疗同时 ,用苯巴比妥钠抗惊厥疗效满意。结论 :颅脑疾病、高热惊厥、低钙性手足抽搐为惊厥的主要原因 ,月龄越小 ,发病率越高。除病因治疗外 。Objective: Convulsion is one of the most common clinical signs caused by many infectious and noninfectious diseases and infancy is a high-risk age stage. This study is to explore causes and treatments of convulsion. Methods: In terms of blood routine examination, serum alkaline phosphates, serum calcium, electroencephalogram, craniocerebral computed tomography(CT) and/or cerebrospinal fluid examination, we analyzed the cause of convulsion. Results: hyperpyretic convulsion, craniocerebral diseases ,hypocalcemic tetany and other cause-unidentified diseases accounted for 29.5%, 43.0%, 25.0%, 2.5% respectively. By matching age, the incidences of 0～4 month,5～8 month,9～12 month were 55.0%,35.0%,10.0%(compared between each group, P<0.001); compared by season ,the incidences of January to March ,April to August , September to December were 40.0%,25.0%,35.0%(compared between each group, P<0.001). Phenobarbital sodium, as an effective anticonvultant was found to have a satisfactory curative effect. Conclusions: Hyperpyretic convulsion, craniocerebral diseases, hypocalcaemic tenancy main causes of convulsion. The incidence of convulsion is associated closely with age and season. Phenobarbital sodium is an effective anticonvulsant.

关 键 词：婴儿 惊厥 病因分析 

分 类 号：R729[医药卫生—儿科]