采砂对河床变形影响的试验研究  

Experimental study on effect of sand mining on riverbed deformation

作　　者：毛野[1] 黄才安[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]扬州大学水利建筑工程学院,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《水利学报》2004年第5期64-69,共6页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(59979005)

摘　　要：采用微尺度动床河工模型试验的方法研究了在顺直、弯道与分汊等典型河道不同部位进行大规模采砂对河床局部变形及对河段变形的极限影响。试验成果表明,采砂坑的发展是采砂坑内及其附近的水流与采砂坑边界相互作用的结果。持续进行河道采砂对局部河床变形有较大影响,其影响范围与影响程度取决于众多因素,包括采砂坑的形状、大小以及决定水流流态的采砂坑与河道的相对位置等;特别是超过上游泥沙补给能力的持续采砂对河床变形影响很大。根据采砂极限影响的研究提出了有利于河床稳定的合理采砂部位及采砂作业方向。结合长江镇江段进行的试验表明大规模河道采砂可能改变具体河段的河势,因此利用科学合理的采砂作业引导河势向有利于河床稳定的方向发展。The extreme effects of sand mining on local deformation of riverbed and evolution of river stretch in typical river sections such as straight river section,river bend and river fork are experimentally studied in micro-scale loose bed hydraulic model.The result shows that the development of the mining pit is affected by the interaction between the flow in the vicinity of the mining pit and its boundary.The effects are dependent on many factors such as the configuration,dimensions and the location of the pit.The effects will be very strong if the mining capacity is higher than the source sand coming from upstream.Consequently,the location and orientation of the mining pit must be carefully determined to ensure the stability of riverbed.

关 键 词：采砂 河床演变 局部变形 河段变形 镇江段 

分 类 号：P332.3[天文地球—水文科学]