基于GIS的定西地区黄土高原土地利用变化研究  

Analysis of land-use change using GIS in Loess Plateau of Dingxi Prefecture, Gansu Province of China

作　　者：李宇[1] 董锁成[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2004年第3期248-252,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划项目(90102013);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-10-07-04)

摘　　要：运用GIS空间分析方法,以1980年、1995年和2000年LandsatTM影像的土地利用空间数据(1∶100000)为基础,分析了1980～2000年定西地区黄土高原各土地利用类型变化的幅度、空间分布特征、方向以及耕地的主要流向,并应用空间马尔柯夫概率模型对定西地区2015年土地利用格局进行了预测。结果表明:1995～2000年土地利用的年变化率是1980～1995年的2.57倍;1995～2000年土地各类型之间的相互转化在空间分布特征呈现明显的差异,耕地、草地、林地和农村居住用地是定西地区土地利用变化的核心类型,耕地与其他类型土地间的相互转化分布最广泛;优质耕地主要被农村居住用地扩展占用。1995～2000年耕地转向农村居住用地的面积比1980～1995年增长了66.18%(1759hm2);1995～2000年毁林草开荒的面积仍高达17294hm2。到2015年,耕地、城镇用地、农村用地面积和比例将增加,草地、林地、水域和未利用地面积和比例将下降。Based on the land-use datum (at scale of 100 000) of the interpretation of Landsat Thematic Mapper in 1980, 1995 and 2000, this study presents land-use change in Loess Plateau of Dingxi Prefecture, such as range, spatial distributing pattern, direction, farmland key change and development trend of land use pattern in 2015, by the combined using geographic information systems (GIS) method and Markov Probability Model. The results show: the annual rate of land-use change from 1995 to 2000 is 2.57 times as much as that from 1980 to 1995. In the period of 1995～2000, transformations of land-use pattern reveals obvious differences of spatial distributing pattern. Land-uses of farmland, grassland, woodland and rural resident land are the key change types. Transformations between farmland and other land-use patterns distribute most extensively. Most high quality farmlands change into rural resident land. The area of farmland changed into rural resident land from 1995 to 2000 has been increased to 66.18%(1759 hm^2) as compared with that from 1980 to 1995. The areas of woodland and grassland converting to farmland are 17294 hm^2. By 2015, area and proportion of farmland, urban or build-up land and rural resident land will increase. The area and proportion of the woodland, grassland, water land and barren land will decrease.

关 键 词：黄土高原 土地利用变化 GIS 马尔柯夫概率模型 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]