废干电池真空法脱汞处理  

Demercuration in waste zinc-manganese cells by vacuum aided system

作　　者：李良[1] 丘克强[2] 谭燕芝[3] 任吉存[1] 陈启元[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海200240 [2]中南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410083 [3]广东药学院,广东广州510224

出　　处：《电源技术》2004年第5期303-307,共5页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：研究了应用真空法脱除废锌锰干电池中汞的可能性及规律性,并探讨了温度、系统残压、蒸馏时间及破碎形式对脱汞效果的影响.结果表明:含汞10-4～10-6的酸性锌锰干电池,在300℃和系统残压为35-500 Pa的条件下,真空处理3 h,残渣含汞量可低于10-6.汞含量为0.5%～1%的碱性锌锰干电池,在温度300℃,系统残压35-620 Pa的条件下,真空处理4 h后,其残渣汞量可降至10-6的水平.此外,升温、降压、延时及破碎均有利于汞的脱除.在整个工艺过程中,汞实现了真空封闭回收,克服了其他处理工艺普遍存在的汞的二次污染问题,从而消除了废锌锰干电池中的汞对环境的危害.The possibility of removal mercury in waste dry cells by a vacuum system was studied, and the effect of temperature, residual pressure and distilled time on the course of the elimination of mercury was investigated. Results show that under the condition of the total chamber pressure of 35-500 Pa, temperature of 300 ℃, the concentration of mercury in waste acid zinc-manganese cell can be decreased to a level lower than 10-6 after being treated for 3 h. Under the condition of the total chamber pressure of 35-620 Pa, temperature of 300 ℃, the concentration of mercury in waste alkaline zinc-manganese cell can be decreased to lower than 10-6 after being treated for 4 h. Furthermore , enhancing temperature, decreasing vacuum pressure and prolonging distilled time all can accelerate the elimination of mercury.

关 键 词：废干电池 真空法 脱汞处理 环境危害 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]