沙尘表面非均相化学过程的气候效应的初步模拟研究  

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE HETEROGENEOUS CHEMICAL PROCESSES ON THE DUST SURFACE AND THEIR EFFECT ON CLIMATE

作　　者：刘红年[1] 蒋维楣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学系,南京210093

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2004年第3期417-422,共6页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点基础研究项目 (G1 9990 4 340 3);国家自然科学青年基金项目 (40 2 0 50 1 6)

摘　　要：建立了一个包含地表起尘机制的尘粒表面非均相化学模式 ,并与区域气候———大气化学模式系统连接 .研究了沙尘气溶胶表面的非均相过程对大气中一些重要微量成分浓度的影响及其所产生的气候效应 .结果表明 ,非均相过程使得二氧化硫和臭氧的浓度降低 ,硫酸盐浓度增加 ,年平均硫酸盐积分浓度增加 2 6mg m2 ;在部分地区非均相过程使二氧化氮浓度降低 ,而在另外一些地区 ,则使二氧化氮浓度增加 .1 ,4 ,7,1 0月四个月硫酸盐浓度增加造成的辐射强迫最大值分别为 - 0 .2 4 ,- 1 .0 ,- 2 .0 ,- 0 .6W m2 ,全区域年平均辐射强迫为 - 0 .0 33W m2 .四个月最大降温分别可达 0 .1 6 ,0 .35 ,0 .5 ,0 .4 8K ,年平均降温 0 .0 2 1K .We set up a heterogeneous chemical model which includes dust emission and connects an advanced meso scale meteorological atmospheric chemical model system. A lot of cases are simulated by this model system to study the heterogeneous chemical process of dust aerosol and its climate effect. The results show that the heterogeneous reaction will reduce the concentrations of SO 2 and O 3, but increase sulfate concentration. In some areas, it can decrease the NO 2 concentration, but it can also increase it in other areas. The change of annual average sulfate is 2 6mg/m 2. The maximum values of radiative forcing caused by heterogeneous reaction are -0.24 , -1.0 , -2.0 ,and -0.6 W/m 2 in January, April, July and October, respectively. The annual average radiative forcing is -0.033 W/m 2. The maximum temperature variation in January, April, July and October are -0.16 , -0.35 , -0.5 , -0.48K , respectively and have the annual temperature variation in the whole domain is -0.021K . The heterogeneous processes also have evident effect on precipitation.

关 键 词：沙尘气溶胶 非均相化学 辐射强迫 气候模式 气候效应 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]