云南省玉米地方种质资源类型及其品种的地理和生态分布  

Eco-geographical distribution of types and varieties of native core germplasm resource in Yunnan province

作　　者：伍少云[1] 孙荣[1] 奉有壁[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农作物品种资源站,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2004年第B05期1-6,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省农科院资助:"云南主要粮食作物品种资源的日常性更新繁种保存"

摘　　要：对云南地方玉米种质资源的类型及品种的整理和遗传分析,表明云南玉米地方种质资源共有7个类型,类型多样,分布广泛;昆明地区和滇中生态区是云南玉米资源类型的多样性分布地区和生态区;大理州、红河州、昭通地区和楚雄州是多种类型品种的多样性地理分布区,而滇中和滇南是多种类型品种多样性的生态分布区;但不同类型品种的地理和生态分布存在多样性差异,保山地区、昭通地区和大理州等5个地、州、市是马齿型品种的主要分布地区,昭通地区还是半马齿型、硬粒型和爆裂型品种多样性的地理分布区;玉溪市、红河州利文山州等5个地、州、市是糯质型品种的多样性分布地区;滇中是马齿型、半马齿型和硬粒型品种分布的生态区;滇南是糯质类型品种分布的主要生态区;昭通地区分布有多种类型的玉米种质资源,与当地的耕地成分、分布状况,人们种植和利用玉米的目的及用途密切相关。南部地区和滇南生态区分布有较多的糯质类型品种,南部各民族的民族饮食文化偏爱糯食。Native core germplasm resource of Yunnan province were sorted and genetic analyzed of types and varieties, The result indicated that native corn germplasm resource of Yunnan have 7 types, and they are of very multiplicity, distributed widely; that Kunming district and central Yunnan were of geographical and ecological center of the diversity of Yunnan core germplasm resource types; that Dali and Honghe and Zhaotong district were of geographical diversity of variety types ;Cen-tral and Southern Yunnan were of ecological diversity of variety types.The difference of diversity in geography and ecology were existing; the varieties of Zea mays L. indentata Sturt mostly distributed in Baoshan and Dali and Zhaotong district etc; Zhaotong district was concentrated in varieties of Zea mays L semindentata Kulesh, Zea mays L indurata Sturt and Zea mays L. everta Sturt; that geographically distributing section of varieties of Zea mays L. ceatina Kulesh was Yuxi and Honghe and Wenshan prefecture etc; The varities of Zea mays L. indentata Sturt and Zea mays L semindentata Kulesh and Zea mays L. indurata Sturt were distributed in Central Yunnan; and varities of Zea mays L ceratina Kulesh in Southern Yunnan; Multi- types com allocated in Zhaotong prefecture where the environment and people's diet varied a lot; Zea mays L. ceratina Kulesh mostly distributed in Southern Yunnan where the native people prefer to glutinous food.

关 键 词：云南 玉米 种质资源 品种 生态 地理分布 

分 类 号：S513.024[农业科学—作物学]