变态反应性疾病患儿乳胶变应原反应性及抗原交叉性的研究  

Reactivity and antigenic cross-reactivity of latex in children with allergic disorders

作　　者：陈同辛[1] 朱亚忠[1] 范亚可[2] 郝轶群[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海第二医科大学附属新华医院上海市儿科医学研究所免疫/肿瘤研究室,200092 [2]上海第二医科大学附属新华医院上海市儿科医学研究所儿内科,200092

出　　处：《中华儿科杂志》2004年第4期271-274,共4页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的　探讨乳胶变应原皮试阳性与临床的相关性 ,以及乳胶变应原与其他变应原的交叉反应性。方法　采用国际标准化的变应原试剂 13种 ,利用变应原皮肤点刺试验 ,对 2 6 5例变态反应性疾病患儿进行检测。结果　在 79例乳胶变应原皮试呈阳性反应的患儿中 ,男性 5 3例 ,女性 2 6例 ;平均年龄为 5 5 6岁 ;冬春季发病者 2 8例 ,夏秋季发病者 5 1例 ;哮喘者 6 6例 ,过敏性皮肤病者 5例 ,过敏性紫癜者 1例 ,荨麻疹者 1例 ,单纯咳嗽者 6例。乳胶变应原反应率与性别和年龄无明显关系 ,而夏秋季反应率高于冬春季 ,有相应变态反应性临床症状者反应率高于无症状者。另外乳胶变应原与螨虫变应原的交叉反应最为常见 ( 10 0 0 % ) ,其次是动物蛋白变应原 ( 6 2 0 %～ 4 3 0 % ) ,与霉菌或植物花粉变应原交叉反应性最少 ( 10 1%～ 3 8% )。结论　儿童变态反应人群中 ,有 30 %的患儿乳胶变应原皮试呈阳性反应 ,并且乳胶变应原反应性与性别和年龄无明显相关性 ,与相关变态反应临床症状的有无和季节存在着明显相关性 ,另外乳胶变应原与多种变应原存在着交叉反应性。Objective To explore the relationship between latex allergen and clinical presentation as well as allergenic cross reactivity between latex and other allergens, to know the incidence of latex allergy in Chinese children and elucidate the allergenic cross reactivity of latex with other allergens Methods Totally 265 children with allergic disorders were assayed with 13 international standard allergen agents by means of SPT Results In 79 children with latex allergenic SPT position, 53 were boys and 26 were girls with an average age of 5 6 years, and 14 cases had episodes occurred in winter, 14 cases in spring, 24 cases in summer, and 27 cases in autumn Of them, 66 cases presented as asthma, 5 cases atopic skin disorders, 1 case anaphylactoid purpura, 1 case hives and 6 cases only had mild cough Statistical analysis showed that the positive percentage of the latex SPT had no obvious relation with sex and age, but was higher in summers and autumns than in winters and springs( P <0 01) Children with allergic symptoms had higher positive rate in latex allergenic SPT than those without them, that is, the positive percentage of the latex SPT significantly increased among children presenting with some allergic symptoms, such as asthma, hives and atopic skin disorders( P <0 01) All the children with latex allergenic SPT position had cross reactivity with acarid allergen, 62 0%～43 0% with animal protein allergens including milk, cats, shrimp, dogs, eggs in the order of decreasing cross reaction rate, and 10 1% 3 8% with mold and plant farina allergens But the cross reactivity between latex and mold or tree farinaⅠwere not statistically significant Conclusion Thirty percent of the children with allergic disorders were latex allergenic SPT positive Latex allergenic SPT positive results were significantly correlative to allergic clinical presentation and season, while were not relative to sex and age The cross reactivity of latex with acarid was most common, followed by animal pr

关 键 词：变态反应性疾病 小儿 乳胶 变应原 抗原 交叉反应性 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]