涵洞内氧、二氧化碳、硫化氢的检测与分析  

Detection and analysis of oxygen,carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in culverts

作　　者：刘长庚 唐耀远 陈桂贻[2] 卢自然[2] 陈运和[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省卫生监督所,长沙410008 [2]湖南省劳动卫生职业病防治所

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2004年第1期22-24,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：〔目的〕检测分析涵洞内环境空气中氧和二氧化碳、硫化氢浓度及影响因素 ,为科学防治提供依据。〔方法〕选取涵洞内外空气中氧、二氧化碳、硫化氢等气体为检测项目 ,探讨引起缺氧和二氧化碳、硫化氢浓度增高的原因 ,对其主要影响因素和变化规律加以统计分析。〔结果〕水库涵洞在夏秋季放水运行状态下 ,氧含量下降到 7.8% (比涵洞外降了 1.64倍 ) ,二氧化碳和硫化氢浓度分别增高至 0 .95 8%和 11.5mg/m3(增高 2 7倍和 114倍 ) ,其浓度的降、升变化与洞内距离密切相关 ,拟合指数 (R2 ) :O2 、CO2 、H2 S分别为 0 .9819、0 .9942、0 .92 95 ;并指出环境温度和水是影响洞内氧、二氧化碳和硫化氢浓度的主要因素。〔结论〕涵洞内在夏秋季放水状态下严重缺氧和二氧化碳、硫化氢浓度较高 ,极易发生危害事故 ,需采取通风等防护措施。Objective To detect and analyze the concentrations of oxygen,carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in air in culverts to provide evidence for scientific prevention.〔Methods〕 Oxygen,carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in air in the culverts were chosen as items for detection to investigate the causes for deficiency in oxygen and increased concentrations of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.Meanwhile,the major influencing factors and changing rules were statistically analyzed.〔Results〕 When the reservoir culverts were used for discharge of water during summer and fall,the percentage of oxygen decreased to 7.8% while the concentrations of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide increased to 0.958% and 11.5mg/m3,respectively.Both the increase and decrease were statistically linear to the distance inside the culverts.Environmental temperature and water volume were the most important reasons for changes in percentage of oxygen and concentrations of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide inside the culverts.〔Conclusions〕 During discharge of water in summer and autumn,the culverts become dangerous workplaces due to decrease in oxygen percentage and increase in carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide concentrations in the air.Thus ventilation is very important in the culverts upon water discharge.

关 键 词：氧检测 二氧化碳 硫化氢 O2 CO2 H2S 回归分析 

分 类 号：R122.11[医药卫生—环境卫生学]