古代青铜器修复钎焊用钎剂与钎料的改性研究  

Study on the new type soldering acid and filler metal for restoration of ancient bronze

作　　者：张光敏[1] 张佩琛 张茗[1] 周浩[2] 吴鲁海[3] 薛小怀[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海博物馆文物修复研究室,上海200003 [2]上海博物馆文物保护与考古科学实验室,上海200051 [3]上海交通大学,上海200030

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2004年第2期27-35,共9页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家文物局文物科研项目 (2 0 0 0 0 7)

摘　　要：锡铅钎料和氯化锌钎剂的烙铁钎焊是传统的工艺方法。由于氯化锌钎剂中含有大量的氯离子 ,对青铜文物的长期保存带来不利的影响。本工作通过对钎剂筛选和复配及钎料的选择 ,研制了针对青铜文物修复钎焊用新型无氯钎剂和含银钎料匹配 ,并在 8种古青铜模拟试样上进行一系列性能测试 ,结果表明新型无氯钎剂和含银钎料匹配有良好的工艺性、抗腐蚀性、可获得高强度的钎缝。新型无氯钎剂和含银钎料匹配在青铜文物修复中应用结果表明 ,新型无氯钎剂和含银钎料有较好的钎焊工艺 ,钎焊接头饱满光亮 ,对于不同时期及不同合金的青铜文物具有很好的钎焊性 ,钎焊后青铜文物存放半年 ,钎焊接头依然保持光亮 ,焊缝周围没有出现锈蚀物和氧化现象。用新型无氯钎剂替代传统氯化锌钎剂 ,并且和含银钎料匹配进行古青铜的钎焊是可行的 ,改良后的钎剂进行青铜文物修复过程符合文物保护原则 ,避免了钎剂在钎焊过程中产生的气体对操作人员身体健康的影响。Application of ZnCl_2 soldering acid and SnPb filler metal is a traditional restoration method for bronze ancients. Because this soldering acid contains Cl -,it is harmful to the conservation of ancient bronze. In this paper,a new type soldering acid and SnPbAg filler metal for restoration of ancient bronze have been studied by screening and selection. A series of material performance test results have showed that the application of new soldering method has the most anticorrosive characteristic and soldering welability. Soldering joints remain bright and have an excellent connection for different ancient bronze. Bronze are kept for in half a year after soldering. corrosion phenomenon would not be found surrounding the solder joint. Applications of new type soldering acid and SnPbAg filler metal have replaced tranditional ZnCl_2 soldering acid and SnPb filler metal in the restoration of ancient bronze,which conform with conservation principle of culture relics and have no effect on operator in soldering process.

关 键 词：青铜器修复 钎焊 钎剂 钎料 性能测试 

分 类 号：K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] G264.3[历史地理—历史学]