瘤背石磺的生态习性观察  

The observation on ecological habits of Onchidium struma

作　　者：黄金田[1] 王资生[2] 沈伯平 

机构地区：[1]江苏省盐城工学院,江苏盐城224003 [2]江苏省扬州市维扬区水产站,江苏扬州225007

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2004年第2期103-109,共7页Marine Fisheries

摘　　要：2003年4～7月,作者对江苏射阳河口滩涂的瘤背石磺作了生态调查,并在室内进行温箱试养,观察其运动、呼吸、消化、生殖及对刺激物的反应等。结果表明,瘤背石磺栖息在潮上带滩涂,其每千克土壤中含N0.325g、P 0.020g、K 0.521g、Cl 0.0849、有机质7.68g,土壤pH值9.43,含盐量1.615;在温度20～28℃,湿度接近100%时瘤背石磺才出来活动和摄食;在人工饲养下,瘤背石磺喜食螺旋藻。从解剖上看,它用呼吸腔呼吸,外套膜切片中有钙质颗粒,说明该物种是腹足纲动物由水生向陆生过渡的类型,体现了肺螺亚纲的特征。The ecological survey of Onchidium struma was conducted in the estuarine intertidal mudflat of Sheyang, Jiangsu from April to July 2003. The indoor cultural experiments were performed in warm case to observe its movement, breath, digestion, propagation and response to stimulus etc. The results showed that Onchidium strulma always lives on the upper tidal zone, where the soil contains 0.325g of N, 0.020g of P, 0.521g of K, 0.084g of Cl and 7.68g of organic matter per kilogram, and the value of pH was 9.43, and the salinity 1.615. Onchidium struma came out to feed only when the temperature was 20 - 28℃ and humidity nearly 100%. On the condition of artificial rearing, Onchidium struma likes to feed Spirulina. It breathes by breathing cavity. The calcium granules were found in the mantle. It suggests that Onchidium struma is a transitional species which is from the water to the land, and shows the character of Pulmonata.

关 键 词：瘤背石磺 生态习性 物种 人工饲养 摄食 土海参 

分 类 号：Q959.212[生物学—动物学]