气体导热率理论方程和两个定理  

A theoretic equation of thermal conductivity of gas and two theorem

作　　者：张克武[1] 张宇英[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学化学系

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2004年第2期106-112,共7页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(29746002);吉林省应用基础基金资助项目;首钢总公司赞助

摘　　要：分析了杰出科学家Maxwell等的理论方程普适性差精确度低的深刻理论根源,是难以消除的严重缺陷。利用氩模型及其微分方程导出气体导热率理论方程,并以逻辑推理建立2个定理。作者方程经用极性与非极性以及量子气体等24种结构类型178种有机与无机纯质802个实验数据验证,平均误差仅1.71％,达到实验允许误差范围内,比科学家公认的非平衡态统计力学上最重大成就之一的Enskog-Chapman理论方程的精度高5倍以上,比Chung式高3.5倍。证明解决了当代化学工程与非平衡态统计力学交叉学科领域内极需解决的科学难题之一,有很大的理论意义和应用价值,是这一领域的重大突破。Based on the modern substantial structure theory and the rule of electronic space distribution in polyelectronic atoms(or molecules) clarified by quantum mechanics, the hypotheses for a model of gaseous argon is presented. As shown by the test results, the average error from 1288 experimental values is less than 1.2%. It has the universal applicability with explicit physical essence and can be applied over a wide range of T with high accuracy in 'Zhangkewu' theoretic equation of nonequilibrium state of gases' and an accurate theoretic equation of thermal conductivity of gas was derived. This equation can be applied to both polar and nonpolar gases, the average error for 802 experimental values being 1.69% with 178 organic and inorganic compounds of 24 structural types. The results show that the developed theoretical equation is outstanding not only in accuracy but also in applicability. These results are 5 times higher than Enskog-Chapman and 3.5 times than Chung that obtained by the published methods. It is a important breakthrough in this cross subject-chemical engineering and statistical mechanics and has great significance in theory and applications. The physical essence of it is clear and definite so that we can obtain 2 theorem by logical reasoning.

关 键 词：气体不平衡状态理论方程 氩模型理论 气体导热率理论方程 

分 类 号：O621.3[理学—有机化学] O621.24[理学—化学]