羊草种群克隆分株之间光合产物的转移  

The translocation of photosynthate between clonal ramets of Leymus chinensis population

作　　者：王昱生[1] 洪锐民[1] 黄大明[2] 滕小华[1] 李月树 盐见正卫[4] 中村未树[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院草地研究室,哈尔滨150030 [2]清华大学生物系生态科学与工程研究所,北京100084 [3]加拿大麦芽大麦技术研究中心 [4]日本国茨城大学理学部植物生态学研究室

出　　处：《生态学报》2004年第5期900-907,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 0 170 669;3 0 2 70 946)~~

摘　　要：羊草 (L eymuschinensis)是具有克隆生长习性的多年生根茎植物。其分株系统能存活 7a,其根茎甚至可在地上部分死亡后继续存活。羊草分株可分为 7个年龄 (AC) ,有 :AC0、AC1、AC2、AC3、AC4、AC5和 AC6 ;4个世代 ,即祖代开花分株世代 (G(1) )或祖代营养分株世代 (G1)、母代开花分株世代 (G(2 ) )或母代营养分株世代 (G2 )、当代开花分株世代 (G(3) )或当代营养分株世代 (G3)和子代营养分株世代 (G4 )。揭示了羊草克隆分株之间存在 3种光合产物的转移格局 ,它们是向项性转移、向基性转移和水平性转移。还观察到 ,不同类型分株可调节不同类型分株之间的光合产物转移量。对于向项性转移 ,光合产物主要输出到营养分株 (VR) ,以低转移速率输出到开花分株 (FR)。对于向基性转移 ,光合产物主要输出到 FR,而以低转移速率输出到 VR。对于水平性转移 ,该种转移出现在同一世代的姊妹分株 (SR)之间 ,在从 FR到 VR的转移或在从 VR到 FR的转移 ,转移速率较高 ,但在同种类型分株 (即从 FR到 FR或从 VR到 VR)之间的转移速率较低。幼嫩的 VR比同一世代的Ramets of Leymus chinensis could be divided into seven age classes (AC) and four generations [flowering ancestral generation G(1) and vegetative ancestral generation G1; flowering maternal generation G(2) and vegetative maternal generation G2; flowering current generation G(3) and vegetative current generation G3; vegetative filial generation G4]. Through the apical translocation, mother generation ramets exported ()^(14)C-photoassimilate into daughter generation flowering ramets at a lower rate, and into daughter generation vegetative ramets at a higher rate. The daughter generation vegetative ramets were capable of importing more ()^(14)C-photoassimila!e from mother generation ramets. Respectively, G(2) inflorescence, G(2) ramet and G2 ramet translocated only 0.30%, 0.14% and 0.27% of their ()^(14)C-photoassimilates into G(3) ramet. In contrast, they translated 10.99%, 3.04%, and 1.12% of their ()^(14)C-photoassimilates into G3, and translocated 4.72%, 8.01% and 1.03% of the ()^(14)C-photoassimilates into G4 ramet, respectively. Tthrough the basipetal translocation, daughter generation ramets exported ()^(14)C-photoassimilates to mother generation vegetative ramets at a lower rate, but to mother generation flowering ramets at a higher rate. Daughter generation G(3) flowering ramet and daughter generation G3 vegetative ramet translocated only 0.19% and 0.17% of their ()^(14)C-photoassimilates to mother generation G2 vegetative ramet, while exported 3.55% and 0.32% of their ()^(14)C-photoassimilates to mother generation G(2) flowering ramet. Through the horizontal translocation, opposite type ramets of the same generation tended to attract each other through exchanging resources and flowering ramets mainly exported their ()^(14)C-photoassimilate to vegetative ramets and vegetative ramets mainly exported their ()^(14)C-photoassimilate to the flowering ramets. G(2) ramet translocated 1.67% of its ()^(14)C-photoassimilate to G2 tamer, for exchange, G2 ramet translocated 2.64% of its ()^(14)C-photoassimi!ate to G(

关 键 词：克隆植物 光合产物转移 资源转移格局 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学] Q948