视觉超分辨能力在评价视性错觉中的应用  

Application of hyperacuity in evaluation of visual illusions

作　　者：刘广莉[1] 吴家龙[1] 贾宏博[1] 蒿东献[1] 郑学文[1] 赵荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]航空医学研究所,北京100036 [2]空军总医院眼科

出　　处：《眼科》2004年第3期136-139,i002,共5页Ophthalmology in China

摘　　要：目的 :建立视觉超分辨能力和几何图形错觉的定量检查方法 ,了解它们在飞行人员中的分布特点 ,研究它们之间的相关性 ,为进一步研究视性飞行错觉提供实验依据。方法 :用计算机编程建立了六种视觉超分辨能力 (游标错开、有干扰的游标错开、弯曲、平分、横向倾斜、竖向倾斜 )和六种几何图形错觉 (Ponzo面积错觉、Ponzo错觉、Ebbinghaus错觉、Mueller -Lyer错觉、水平 -垂直错觉、Poggendorf错觉 )的定量检查方法。对 82名视力正常的飞行人员进行了检查 ,并分析了它们的相关性。结果 :①视觉超分辨能力可分为两类 ,一类的视觉超分辨阈值小于 2 0弧秒 ,像游标错开、有干扰的游标错开、弯曲、平分、它们在检查中均有参考目标紧相邻。另一类的视觉超分辨阈值大于 34弧秒 ,如横向倾斜和竖向倾斜这两种形式 ,它们在检查中没有紧相邻的参考目标。②几何图形错觉也可分为两类 ,一类是错觉量较小 ,均值在 16～ 34弧秒之间 ,如Ponzo面积错觉、Ponzo错觉、Ebbinghaus错觉及Mueller-Lyer错觉 ,它们均有诱导因素存在。另一类是错觉量均值大于 6 0弧秒的 ,如水平 -垂直错觉、Poggendorf错觉 ,它们均无诱导因素。③从相关性分析中可看出每种视觉超分辨能力都与一种以上几何图形错觉相关显著。结论Objective:To establish the quantitative evaluation methods for hyperacuity and geometric illusions,investigating their distributions in pilots,exploring the relationship between them,and provide experimental evidence for the study of the related visual illusions in flight.Method: The quantitative evaluation methods for six hyperacuities (vernier acuity,interference vernier acuity,curvature acuity,bisection acuity,horizontal oblique acuity and vertical oblique acuity) and six geometric illusions (Ponzo area illusion,Ponzo illusion,Ebbinghaus illusion,Muller-Lyer illusion,horizontal-vertical illusion and Poggendorf illusion) were established with a computer program,and 82 pilots with normal vision were tested with these methods.The relationships between these hyperacuities and geometric illusions were also analyzed.Result: (1) Hyperacuity can be classified into two types.One type was that whose thresholds were under 20 second and tested with abutting targets,such as vernier acuity,interference vernier acuity,curvature acuity and bisection acuity; another one was that whose thresholds were above 34 second and tested without abutting targets,such as horizontal oblique acuity and vertical oblique acuity.(2) Geometric illusions can also be classified into two types,one was that whose magnitudes were between 16 second and 34 second and with induced factors,such as Ponzo area illusion,Ponzo illusion,Ebbinghaus illusion and Mueller-Lyer illusion,another one was that whose magnitudes were above 60 second and without induced factors,such as horizontal-vertical illusion and Poggendorf illusion.(3)Each type of hyperacuity was highly related with more than one geometric illusions.Conclusion :The quantitative evaluation methods for hyperacuity and geometric illusions are successfully established,the relationship between them shows that the hyperacuity without abutting targets are highly related with geometric illusions without induced factors,more attention should be paid on them,and their relationship with some visual illusion

关 键 词：视觉超分辨能力 几何图形错觉 飞行员 

分 类 号：R8513[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R770421[医药卫生—临床医学]