砂姜黑土区冬小麦尿素合理施用技术研究  

Study of urea application technique in winter wheat in lime concretion black soil

作　　者：郭中义[1] 李贵宝 孙克刚[3] 易玉林 崔苗青[1] 

机构地区：[1]驻马店市农业科学研究所,河南驻马店463000 [2]中国水利科学院 [3]河南省农科院土肥所 [4]河南省土肥站

出　　处：《土壤肥料》2004年第3期20-22,共3页Soils and Fertilizers

基　　金："十五"河南省黄淮海开发研究项目部分内容

摘　　要：通过应用15N示踪技术研究砂姜黑土冬小麦尿素合理施用时期和氮素利用率表明:尿素不同施用时期对冬小麦产量影响不显著。产量高低与每桶总粒数成正相关,其相关系数r=0 98 。土壤—小麦系统中化肥氮约有1/2被植株吸收,以底耙处理的氮素利用率最高。剩余1/2的化肥氮属于土壤残留和损失,底追喷处理损失最少,残留最多;全底和底耙处理残留最少,损失最多。植株吸收的化肥氮中籽粒约占72 0%,茎叶、根系、麦糠合计占28 0%。76 5%～94 2%的残留氮集中在1～20cm土层中。综合分析冬小麦以底追喷处理施肥效果最好。Based on^(15)N trace technique,rational urea application time and untilization ratio of nitrogen in winter wheat were studed. The effect of different urea application time to the yield of winter wheat is not significant. There are positive correlations between total grain amount per tub and the yield, its correlation coefficinent is 0.98^(**). In the system of soil and winter wheat, half of nitrogenous fertilizer is obsorbed by the plant, untilzation ratio of nitrogen is high under the treatment of apply 2/3 nitrogen to the subsoil and harrow 1/3. The other nitrogenous fertilizer belongs to soil remained and loss. Nitrogen loss is little and soil remained most under the treatment of apply 2/3 nitrogen to the subsoil, top apply 4/15 and spray 1/15; soil remain is little and nitrogen loss most under the treatment of apply all nitrogen to the subsoil or apply 2/3 nitrogen to the subsoil and harrow 1/3. In the nitrogen fertilizer obsobed by the plant the grain accounts for 72.0% and all the stem, root and wheat straw account for 28.0%. 76.5～74.2 percent of nitrogen remained is collectimg in the surface soil (0～20 cm). To sum up, the effect of fertilizer application is best under the treatment of apply 2/3 nitrogen to the subsoil, top apply 4/15 and spray 1/15 in winter wheat.

关 键 词：^15N尿素 砂姜黑土 氮素利用率 冬小麦 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]