国内外城市居住空间研究的回顾与展望  

REVIEW AND PROSPECT OF THE RESEARCH ON URBAN RESIDENTIAL SPATIAL STRUCTURE

作　　者：刘旺[1] 张文忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

出　　处：《人文地理》2004年第3期6-11,共6页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40071030);中国科学院创新工程重点项目(KZCX2-SW-318-02)

摘　　要：住宅作为城市的重要职能和城市空间结构的重要组成部分,长期以来地理学、经济学、社会学、政治学等不同学科的学者一直关注城市居住和相关理论的研究。本文在全面阐述西方居住空间研究的理论、方法、研究领域和研究成果的基础上,对我国有关城市居住空间的研究领域和研究进展进行回顾,并展望有待进一步深化研究的领域。Since 1920s, urban spatial structure began to change quickly with the urbanization speeding up. Residential spatial structure is one of important parts of urban spatial structure and is one of important functions of city. So many scholars from Geography, Economics, Sociology and Politics pay more attention to the theories and experiments research on urban spatial structure and form Schools of urban study, including theories and approach and new progresses. These Schools are: the ecological approach, neo-classical approach, behavioral approach, Marx's approach and systematic approach. Ecological approach resorts to concepts and theories of Ecology to study residential spatial structure. It adopts three indexes: stratum, life cycle and race to describe the distribution condition of denizens in the city. Neo-classical approach resorts to land value theory to study the demand and supply of housing. In Neo-classical model, household bids for house location under complete competition market and land owner sells land to people that will bid for highest price. Household's bid rent function discuss the relationship between location and bid rent. Under equilibrium, the people that will bid for highest price occupies city's center location. Behavioral approach pays more attention to human being's behavior when it studies housing choice behavior. Marx's aproach believes that house is one of workers' necessary expenditures and one of labors' reproductions. Housing supply is relevant to Capitalism's production style. Housing market is a place which class clashes, the segregation of residential spatial structure and demarcation of class and consumption manner and social relationship entwine. System approach studies mainly the system structures of housing supply and allocation. Segregation on residential spatial structure is inevitable under market economy. Geographers, city planners and sociologists would make more research on residential spatial structure farther. So that they can point out useful suggestions

关 键 词：居住空间 空间结构 理论学派 

分 类 号：K901.8[历史地理—人文地理学]