菜园土壤肥力特征与蔬菜硝酸盐污染的控制技术 Ⅱ.长沙市郊6个蔬菜基地土壤的肥力特性  

Study on the Fertility of Vegetable Soil and Controlling Technique for Pollution of Nitrate in Vegetable Crops Ⅱ.Local Conditions and Fertility Properties of the Chief Type Vegetable Soil in the Suburb of Changsha

作　　者：张杨珠[1] 黄运湘[1] 王翠红[1] 陈萼[1] 冯跃华[1] 黄启为[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第3期229-232,共4页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省科技厅资助项目(02SSY3033);湖南省农业厅资助项目(2.20).

摘　　要：采用野外调查采样和室内分析,对湖南长沙市郊区6个蔬菜基地土壤的立地条件和肥力特性进行了系统研究.结果表明:6个基地的土壤均由分布在河流两岸的河谷阶地和河漫滩的河流沉积物以及分布在红壤丘岗谷地的第四纪红色粘土发育而成.地势平坦、开阔,海拔40～50 m之间.土壤质地为轻壤至重壤,砂粘适中,其总体养分状况良好,有机质、氮素、磷素和钾素含量均很丰富,尤其是土壤全磷和有效磷含量极高,远高于一般高产耕地土壤和自然土壤,是菜园土壤的一大显著肥力特征.其中,以陈家渡基地的土壤肥力水平最高,卷塘村基地的土壤肥力水平最低;不同母质发育的土壤中,以冲积物发育的冲积菜园土的肥力水平较第四纪红色粘土发育的红菜园土高,特别是全钾、缓效钾的含量差异显著;一般情况下,除土壤pH值外,供试剖面土壤的其他养分含量均随剖面深度的增大而降低.By field investigation and sampling and laboratory analysis,this paper is an attempt to study the local conditions and fertility properties of the chief type vegetable soils of 6 bases in the suburb of Changsha.The results show that the vegetable soils are developed from the alluvial deposit in the alluvial terrance and quarternary red clay in the hilly valley and are located in the lower smooth terrain.The soil texture ranges from lightly loamy to heavily loamy,and is suitable to crop growth.The nutrient status of the vegetable soils in the suburb of Changsha was good on the whole,the contents of organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were all at the very high level,and especially the content of phosphorus was much higher than that of the other cultivated soils.Of them the vegetable soils developed from river alluvium has much higher nutrient contents than the reddish vegetable soil developed from Quaternary Red Clay.In the profile 0～75 cm deep,the content of nutrient in most soils always increases with the increase of depth except pH.

关 键 词：菜园土 养分状况 肥力特性 

分 类 号：S155.46[农业科学—土壤学] S158.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]