大亚湾海域水体和沉积物中多环芳烃分布及其生态危害评价  

DISTRIBUTION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN WATER AND SEDIMENTS FROM DAYA BAY AND THEIR ECOLOGICAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT

作　　者：丘耀文[1] 周俊良 K.Maskaoui 洪华生[3] 王肇鼎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境动力学重点实验室,广东广州510301 [2]Centre for Environmental Research [3]厦门大学环境科学研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2004年第4期72-80,共9页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2003C32804);广东省科技创新百项项目(2KB06701S);中国科学院大亚湾海洋生物综合实验站基金项目

摘　　要：1999年8月首次采集大亚湾海域14个站位的次表层水和表层沉积物样品,分析其中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)单体的含量,探讨其可能的来源,并进行典型有机污染物生态危害评价。结果表明,海水中PAHs平均含量为10984±8461ng·L-1,变化范围为4228—29325ng·L-1;表层沉积物中PAHs平均含量为481±316ng·g-1,变化范围为115—1134ng·g-1;大亚湾海域PAHs含量比其它近岸海区相对较高。PAHs的组成在水体中以3环为主,在沉积物中以4环为主。菲/蒽和荧蒽/芘比值显示沉积物中PAHs来自化石燃料的燃烧和成岩作用的输入。PAHs在沉积物/水中的富集系数平均值为72,变化范围为9—756。大亚湾海域水体PAHs污染严重而表层沉积物污染较轻,显示尚有较大量的PAHs输入。为保持大亚湾海洋生态系统的可持续发展,必须加强PAHs的监测,特别是生物体中PAHs含量的分析。Sub-surface seawater and surface sediment samples at 14 sites in the sea area of the Daya Bay were collected in August of 1999 for the first time. 16 individual concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed and their possible sources were discussed. The ecological hazards of typical PAHs were assessed. The results showed that the average content of PAHs was 10 984±8 461 ng·L^(-1) and varied from 4 228 to 29 325 ng·L^(-1) in the water, and 481±316 ng·g^(-1) and from 115 to 1 134 ng·g^(-1) (dry weight) in the sediments, respectively. In comparison with other offshore areas, the PAHs level in the water of the Daya Bay was relatively high. The individual composition of PAHs was characterized by 3 rings in the seawater and 4 rings in the se-(diments). The ratios of phenanthrene to anthracene and fluoranthene to pyrene suggested that PAHs in the sediments were derived from combustion of fossil fuels and petrogenic inputs. The average accumulation coefficient of PAHs across water-sediment was 72, and ranged from 9 to 756. The pollution of PAHs was serious in the water and light in the sediments, demonstrating that there were still a relatively large number of PAHs inputs. In order to keep sustainable development of marine ecosystem in the Daya Bay and protect human health, it is urgent to strengthen the monitoring of PAHs in the water and sediments, especially in the organisms in the sea area of the Daya Bay.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 海水 沉积物 生态环境 大亚湾 

分 类 号：P762.3[天文地球—海洋科学]