大亚湾和岭澳核电站外围辐射环境监督性监测  

SUPERVISION MONITORING FOR RADIATION ENVIRONMENT AROUND DAYA BAY AND LING AO NUCLEAR POWER STATIONS

作　　者：黄乃明[1] 陈志东[1] 宋海青[1] 邓飞[1] 林清[1] 黄乃容 周睿东 万玉松 莫光华[1] 李灵娟[1] 刘瑛[1] 李巧勤[1] 赖力明 周雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省环境辐射研究监测中心,广州510300

出　　处：《辐射防护》2004年第3期191-205,共15页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：本文系统地介绍了广东省环境辐射研究监测中心自 1 994年以来对广东大亚湾和岭澳核电站外围辐射环境的监督性监测 ,包括监测方案、方法、质量保证、主要结果和结论。监测结果表明 :( 1 )核电站运行以来的气体排放未对厂区以外的大气和陆地环境产生可观测到的影响 ;( 2 )对于110mAg ,西大亚湾的海水中仅在 1 995年和 1 997年检测到高于探测限的样品 ,最大年平均浓度为 3 .1Bq/m3;西大亚湾的海底泥中只在 1 997年能被检测到 ,年平均值为 1 .0Bq/kg(干 ) ;西大亚湾的海洋生物中在 1 994、1 996和 1 997年检测到的活度浓度较高 ,珍珠贝、马尾藻和墨鱼中的最高年平均活度浓度分别为 2 .2、1 .7和 5 .8Bq/kg(鲜 ) ,1 997年以后随着排放量的下降而显著下降 ;( 3 )对于137Cs,1 994～ 1 998年西大亚湾海水样品中的活度浓度相对较高 ,年平均值最高的 1 995年为 4.6Bq/m3,1 999年以后与本底相当 ;137Cs在其他海洋介质中的活度浓度很低 ,且在本底涨落范围内变化 ;( 4 )对于西大亚湾海水中的3H ,只在核电站排放期间短时升高 ,3～ 5天后基本恢复到本底水平 ,实测年平均活度浓度在 0 .8～ 3 .This paper systematically introduces the supervision monitoring for radiation environment around the Guangdong Daya Bay and Ling Ao nuclear power station by the Guangdong Environmental Radiation Research and Monitoring Center. It includes the monitoring plan, methods, quality assurance, main results and conclusions. The results show that: (1)The gas discharge haven't caused any detectable impacts to the terrestrial and atmospheric environment since their operation; (2) 110mAg could only be detected in seawater in the West Daya Bay in 1995 and 1997 and in sediments in 1997. The maximum annual average in seawater was 3.1 Bq/m 3,annual average of 110mAg in sediments was 1.0 Bq/kg(dry). But it was always detectable in pearl oyster, gulfweed and cuttlefish in the West Daya Bay. The 110mAg concentrations in halobios were relatively higher in 1994, 1996 and 1997. The maximum concentrations in pearl oyster, gulfweed and cuttlefish were 2.2, 1.7 and 5.8 Bq/kg(fresh) respectively. It has significantly decreased with decreasing discharge from the stations since 1997. (3) 137Cs could be detected in almost all seawater samples in the West Daya Bay and the concentration were relatively higher from 1994～1998. The maximum annual average was laid in 1995 and it was 4.6 Bq/m 3. After 1999, its concentration ranged in the background level. The concentrations in other marine samples were extremely low and changed in the range of the background. (4) 3H in seawater in the West Daya Bay would go up as a pulse soon after 3H discharge from the station and would go down to the background after 3～5 days. The annual average of monitoring results were between 0.8～3.4 Bq/L. (

关 键 词：大亚湾核电站 岭澳核电站 辐射环境 监督性监测 监测方案 质量保证 

分 类 号：TL75[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]