黑白花奶牛泌乳曲线参数的方差组份和遗传特性分析  

ANALYSIS ON VARIANCE COMPONENTS AND GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LACTATION CURVE PARAMETERS OF HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS

作　　者：王治华[1] 张斌[2] 徐慧如[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业技术师范学院牧医系 [2]北京市奶牛研究所

出　　处：《安徽农师院学报》1993年第1期49-54,共6页

基　　金：北京农业大学吴常信教授主持的国家自然科学基金资助项目子课题

摘　　要：本文根据北京黑白花奶牛860个有完整记录的泌乳期资料,利用wood模型进行了泌乳曲线参数估计,并通过最小二乘法对估计结果进行了方差分析和相关性分析,估计了曲线参数的遗传力、遗传相关(γ_A)、表型相关(γ_P)和环境相关(γ_E)。方差分析表明,父畜和胎次对产奶量(MY)、估计产奶量(EMY)、参数a、c、高峰月份(MPY)和高峰月产奶量(PY)有极显著影响(P<0.01),对持久力有显著影响(P<0.05);分场对b和上述的所有参数均有显著影响(P<0. 01);产犊年份对MY、EMY、a、c和PY有极显著影响(P<0.01)。遗传力(h^2)估计结果为:MY、EMY、a和PY的h^2幅度在0.231—0.271之间;c和PYM的h^2分别为0.183±0.093和0.167±0.089;持久力的h^2为0.115±0.076。相关分析结果表明,PY与MY有强相关(γ_A=0.721,γ_p=0.812,γ_E=0.766)。与b、c均有正相关(γ_A、γ_P和γ_E的幅度为0.355—0.437)。MY与a有正相关(γ_A=o.335,γ_P=0.531,γ_E=0.600)与b、MPY有正相关(γ_A分别为0.348和0.406)与c有负遗传相关(γ_A=—0.370)。持久力与a、b、c以及PY均有负相关、与MPY有正相关。In this paper,an estimation is made on the lactation curve parameter,after a Wood model on the basis of 860 complete lactation period records of Holstein - Friesians in Beijing. A variance analysis and a correlate analysis are also made on the estimation result in a method of least square,With an estimation of heritabilities, genetic,phenotypic,and environmental correlation of the curve parameters. The variance result shows that the sires and parities have significant influence on milk yield (MY),estimated milk yield(EMY). parameters a,b,c, month of peak yield (MPY) ,persistency and peak yield (P.Y) (P<0.01);the year of parturition has significant influence on MY,EMY,a,c,and PY:the farms have significant influence on b and all parameters as mentioned above (P<0. 01). The ranges of h2 values of MY,EMY,a,and PY are 0. 231 ~0. 271. Heritability estimation values of parameters c and MPY are respectively 0. 183 and 0. 167,and h2 values of persistency are 0.115. The correlate analysis shows that PY has high correlation with MY(γA = 0.721 ,γp = 0. 812,γE = 0. 824);it also has high correlation with a (γA=0.824,γP =0. 780,γE = 0. 766);it has positive correlations with parameters b and c (γ=0. 355~0. 437).The MY has positive correlation with a (γA=0. 335,γP = 0. 531,γE = 0. 600),has genetic correlation with band MPY (γA=0.348 and 0.406 respectively) and has negative genetic correlation with c (γA=-0. 370). The persistency has all negative correlations with a,b, and PY but positive correlation with MPY.

关 键 词：泌乳曲线 方差分析 遗传特性 乳牛 

分 类 号：S823.91[农业科学—畜牧学]